Warm up Activity The Bikini Bottom gang loves science class and wanted to do a little research. Read the description for the experiment and use your knowledge of the scientific method to answer the questions. Flower Power SpongeBob loves to garden and wants to grow lots of pink flowers for his pal Sandy. He bought a special Flower Power fertilizer to see if it will help plants produce more flowers. He plants two plants of the same size in separate containers with the same amount of potting soil. He places one plant in a sunny window and waters it every day with fertilized water. He places the other plant on a shelf in a closet and waters it with plain water every other day. What did SpongeBob do wrong in this experiment? Explain. What should SpongeBob do to test the effectiveness of Flower Power fertilizer? Write an experiment.

Identify the Problem (Observe) Form a Hypothesis (Problem Statement) Create an ExperimentPerform the ExperimentAnalyze the Data Is your data inaccurate of the experiment flawed? Modify the ExperimentCommunicate the results Yes No Yes Scientific Method

Identify the Problem/Observation The scientific method begins with observation. An observation is a visible or provable fact. An inference is an opinion, or conclusion, based on observed facts.

Identify the Problem/Observation

Important terms: Independent (manipulated) variable: condition or event under study (choose 1).Graphing-x axis Dependent (responding) variable: condition that could change under the influence of the independent variable (measure this). Y-axis Controlled variables: conditions which could effect the outcome of the experiment so they must be held constant between groups.

Hypothesis(Problem Statement) Does Not Have To Be An IF….THEN Statement!

Is your data inaccurate or the experiment flawed? Analyze your data

Medical Science Scientific MethodHigh Cholesterol ObservationPatient has high cholesterol Hypothesis (prediction) Certain chemicals may dissolve cholesterol deposits. Create Experiment/ Experiment Give 100 patients these chemicals, give 100 patients placebo. Analyze DataSame number lower their cholesterol as placebo patients. Revise hypothesis?Try different combo of chemicals. New test?Re-run medical test. Observe results. ResultsLipitor reduces cholesterol.

Everyday Science Scientific MethodCar Repair ObservationEngine won’t turn over. Hypothesis (prediction)Predict battery is dead. ExperimentReplace battery. Analyze DataEngine now turns over. Revise hypothesis?Not needed. New test?Not needed. ResultsCars won’t work without a fully charged battery.

Everyday Science Scientific MethodMaking Spaghetti Sauce ObservationSpaghetti sauce should be red. Hypothesis (prediction)Try a tomato sauce. ExperimentHeat pot of tomato sauce. Analyze DataTaste the sauce - bland. Revise hypothesis?Use tomato sauce and garlic! New test?Add garlic, taste - not so bland. ResultThe Final Recipe.

Theories and Natural Laws  Theory: a description of the world that covers a relatively large number of phenomena and has met many observational and experimental tests  Law of Nature: theory (or group of theories) that has been tested extensively and seems to apply everywhere in the universe-they become part of the conceptual framework of a particular field

Graphing - important tool for expressing data so that it is easier to read and interpret Rules for graphing: --place the manipulated/independent variable (the one that was changed) on the x axis. --place the dependent/responding variable (the results of that change) on the y axis. DRY MIX y scale = largest y value – smallest y valuex scale = largest x value – smallest x value # of lines on the y axis# of lines on the x axis The graph should cover at least ¾ of the grid DRY/MIX