After WWII more than 90 new nations gain their independence. What part(s) of the world do you think most new nations will emerge?

India and Pakistan India Seeks independence India Seeks independence One problem: Two VERY different religions in India One problem: Two VERY different religions in India British Fear Muslim Vs. Hindu violence British Fear Muslim Vs. Hindu violence Muslim League demands creation of Pakistan Muslim League demands creation of Pakistan

Another Problem….!!!! Pakistan is divided into two countries (East and West) with India in the middle Pakistan is divided into two countries (East and West) with India in the middle East Pakistan inhabited by Bengalis East Pakistan inhabited by Bengalis Feel they are being Neglected by West Pakistan Feel they are being Neglected by West Pakistan

Africa 2 nd largest continent. 2 nd largest continent. 3 times the size of America 3 times the size of America Lots of natural resources – Diamonds, gold, etc. Lots of natural resources – Diamonds, gold, etc. Many independent nations (map 1027) Many independent nations (map 1027) Very poor! Why? Very poor! Why?

African Countries Struggle Independent countries set up governments, work force, economies, and armies. Independent countries set up governments, work force, economies, and armies. Problems Problems African economy owned by old Colonial (European) powers African economy owned by old Colonial (European) powers All profits leaving the country All profits leaving the country

Israel WWII-Jews need a homeland after the Holocaust WWII-Jews need a homeland after the Holocaust 1947-UN creates a plan to establish a Jewish Nation 1947-UN creates a plan to establish a Jewish Nation Jews accept, Arabs refuse. Jews accept, Arabs refuse. Jews call it Israel, Arabs Palestine. Jews call it Israel, Arabs Palestine.

Consequences US (the West) supports Israel US (the West) supports Israel Arab countries don’t like this Arab countries don’t like this OPEC-1973 Block oil shipments to the US to protest the support for Israel OPEC-1973 Block oil shipments to the US to protest the support for Israel

Type Two How would not having gasoline affect your life? What would you have to change or adjust in your day if you couldn’t drive a car, or get a ride in a car or bus? Skip lines. At least 8 lines.

Islam Vs. Modernism Muslim countries are completely religious Muslim countries are completely religious Islamic faith = common law Islamic faith = common law Battle between being Westernized and staying traditional Battle between being Westernized and staying traditional Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Sa’ud Royal family gets criticized for allowing western influence. Sa’ud Royal family gets criticized for allowing western influence.

Conflicts Intro page “Many wars and conflicts in recent decades have arisen over ethnic or religious differences (or regional). Such difference have led to civil wars within nations.” We will discuss several.

Ireland 1922-Ireland Gains Freedom 1922-Ireland Gains Freedom But six counties vote to remain part of England But six counties vote to remain part of England Protestant majority overwhelms Catholic Minority Protestant majority overwhelms Catholic Minority Causes trouble between the two religions Causes trouble between the two religions IRA VS. Protestant Militias IRA VS. Protestant Militias

Yugoslavia: 1990’s Fall of Communist party leads to Independence Movement Fall of Communist party leads to Independence Movement Civil war leads to atrocities Civil war leads to atrocities Ethnic Cleansing Ethnic Cleansing Used to eliminate Bosnians' and Croats from Bosnia Used to eliminate Bosnians' and Croats from Bosnia

Africa is still having Problems Apartheid = Discrimination Apartheid = Discrimination Angola fights for independence from Portugal Angola fights for independence from Portugal Receives freedom, but civil war begins for several years Receives freedom, but civil war begins for several years Angolan leaders have ties with Soviet Union: Because of this, US supports Angolan rebels Angolan leaders have ties with Soviet Union: Because of this, US supports Angolan rebels

War Causes Famine Sudan/Ethiopia- Warring militias fight over political power in the country Sudan/Ethiopia- Warring militias fight over political power in the country Fighting goes on for long periods of time Fighting goes on for long periods of time Millions Die, many more are injured, and the conflict causes poor food distribution Millions Die, many more are injured, and the conflict causes poor food distribution Leads to Famine Leads to Famine

Sudan War continues with Arab Muslim majority ruling over the minority War continues with Arab Muslim majority ruling over the minority 2004-Conflict in Darfur becomes tense 2004-Conflict in Darfur becomes tense Arab Muslims threaten to “eliminate” Non- Arab Muslims Arab Muslims threaten to “eliminate” Non- Arab Muslims Causes fear of Genocide Causes fear of Genocide

Israel….Again Israel has always been a source on conflict Israel has always been a source on conflict Jerusalem-Sacred city for both Jews and Muslims Jerusalem-Sacred city for both Jews and Muslims Wars lead to new conflicts, and new conflicts, and so on Wars lead to new conflicts, and new conflicts, and so on Peace talks break down-Syria and Israel Peace talks break down-Syria and Israel Over Golan Heights Over Golan Heights

Iraq Brings War to Many Saddam Hussein takes power and rules as absolute dictator- Chemical weapons on the Kurds Saddam Hussein takes power and rules as absolute dictator- Chemical weapons on the Kurds Invades Iran in War last for 8 years, doesn’t work Invades Iran in War last for 8 years, doesn’t work Turns to Kuwait for Money/Oil Turns to Kuwait for Money/Oil US leads coalition to drive Iraqi force out US leads coalition to drive Iraqi force out

Developing Nations Struggle Africa Africa Most countries struggle with their economies Most countries struggle with their economies Some countries want Socialism. Why? Some countries want Socialism. Why? Command Economies Command Economies Government owns Businesses Government owns Businesses

Africa Cash Crops – Crops grown that are not food crops. You can not eat them! Cash Crops – Crops grown that are not food crops. You can not eat them! Find anyway to make a living Find anyway to make a living Killing elephants because foreigners would buy tusks Killing elephants because foreigners would buy tusks

China After WWII- China becomes Communist After WWII- China becomes Communist One party rules over China-No votes, no political freedom One party rules over China-No votes, no political freedom Tiananmen Square Massacre Tiananmen Square Massacre Demonstration by Chinese students- Some are killed Demonstration by Chinese students- Some are killed Power over political freedom Power over political freedom

Population Problems China has over 1.3 Billion people-puts a strain on the economy China has over 1.3 Billion people-puts a strain on the economy One Child Policy One Child Policy Attempt to limit the population Attempt to limit the population Works well in the cities, Works well in the cities, But farmers have lots of children to help work the land But farmers have lots of children to help work the land

South America Liberation Theology – Church movement to try and end poverty. Manuel Noriega arrested by invading U.S. troops for drug trafficking.

Chapter 34

Globalization Process of societies and nations becoming integrated/united around the world. What would be advantages to globalization (one world government, company, etc.)? What would be disadvantages?

Globalization Economic Interdependence. Outsourcing of jobs. Multinational corporations Global trade. Advantages? Disadvantages? Pg. 1104

The World Today Today we have global issues and concerns all around the world, we will talk about these next.

Worldwide Problems Poverty Natural Disasters Disease – Epidemic Hunger – Famine Refugees Human Rights – women’s rights pg Environment

Environmental Problems Acid Rain Deforestation Erosion Global Warming

Security Weapons of Mass Destruction. Terrorism.

The End! It has been a great year. You survived World History!