Objectives Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative observations Differentiate between observations and inferences State the six steps of the scientific method

Information from five senses Qua L itative Observations Look Describes QuaNtitative Observations Numbers Measurements OBSERVATIONS

Possible explanation of observations Based on past experiences Conclusion Various possibilities INFERENCE

Demonstration Qualitative Obs: Quantitative Obs: Inferences:

Scientific Method Do Observation Lab

Arrange the steps in order Form a hypothesis Make conclusion Test hypothesis Gather information Record & analyze data Define the problem

1] Define the problem Must be a question science can try to answer Answer will be a fact – not an opinion Usually written in question form but sometimes is stated

2] Gather information Research – published writing, internet, interview Observations – two kinds Quantitative – has numbers n = numbers Qualitative – describes l = look at

3] Form a hypothesis An educated guess which answers the problem

4] Test hypothesis Experiment Procedure is the instruction of the experiment Write the procedure before doing the experiment Independent variable Factor being tested, the thing that you change or is different All other factors are kept constant Usually found in problem and/or hypothesis Dependent variable Factor that changes due to independent variable Often the results of the experiment

Ocean Temperatures Jane wanted to know how the temperature of the ocean changes the deeper you swim. She piloted her boat 2 miles off of Seaside Heights and dropped a weighted digital thermometer on a line. She recorded the temperature ever 5 meters.

Graph variables

Independent variable Dependent variable

Control Set up without the independent variable Used to see if independent variable has an affect Not all experiments have a control Experimental set-up or Test group Set up with the independent variable in it. Identical to control but it also has the independent variable (test group = control + independent variable)

Control group Test or Experimental group

5] Record and analyze data Collect data/observations – quantitative/qualitative Put in data table Data table should be made before you start the experiment so you know exactly what data you will be collecting Analyze data Compare control and variable Make graphs Look for patterns

6] Make conclusion Answer question using hypothesis as a guide Is hypothesis correct? Yes – then reliable hypothesis. Report your results No – then review experiment for errors or change hypothesis/problem

Don’t Give Fruit To Rude Monkeys