I- U.S. joins the fight

A. Protecting Allied shipping 1. Develop Convoys- large group of merchant ships traveling together a) Escorted by fast allied destroyers b) Ship losses fall dramatically A. Protecting Allied shipping 1. Develop Convoys- large group of merchant ships traveling together a) Escorted by fast allied destroyers b) Ship losses fall dramatically

B. American Expeditionary force st forces to go overseas a. Largely for morale b. Led by John J. Pershing 1. insist they remain under American command B. American Expeditionary force st forces to go overseas a. Largely for morale b. Led by John J. Pershing 1. insist they remain under American command

C. Allied setback in Russia 1. New Bolshevik ruler Vladimir Lenin pulls Russia out a) Communist gov’t 1) Economic +political system that eliminates private property +social classes b) Signs Treaty of Brest- Litousk w/ Germany for peace in exchange for 30% of Russia’s territory c) Allows Germany to pull all forces to W. front (France) C. Allied setback in Russia 1. New Bolshevik ruler Vladimir Lenin pulls Russia out a) Communist gov’t 1) Economic +political system that eliminates private property +social classes b) Signs Treaty of Brest- Litousk w/ Germany for peace in exchange for 30% of Russia’s territory c) Allows Germany to pull all forces to W. front (France)

D. Germany attacks 1. Seeing the opportunity Germany pushes into France a) Nearly reaches Paris 2. American troops arrive in mass and push Germany back 3. U.s. resupply + reserves defeat tired Germans in battle and morale a) Germany forced to request armistice 1) A halt in fighting that allows for peace talks D. Germany attacks 1. Seeing the opportunity Germany pushes into France a) Nearly reaches Paris 2. American troops arrive in mass and push Germany back 3. U.s. resupply + reserves defeat tired Germans in battle and morale a) Germany forced to request armistice 1) A halt in fighting that allows for peace talks

E. Turning the tide 1. American + French troops counter attack rear Chateau- Thierry a) U.S. Marines takes heavy losses b) Succeed in driving Germans back E. Turning the tide 1. American + French troops counter attack rear Chateau- Thierry a) U.S. Marines takes heavy losses b) Succeed in driving Germans back

F. Battle of Argonne Forest 1. Allied forces push from North Sea to stalemate at Verdun a. Germans were weakened by influenza and lack of supplies due to British blockade 2. Germany’s defenses crumble F. Battle of Argonne Forest 1. Allied forces push from North Sea to stalemate at Verdun a. Germans were weakened by influenza and lack of supplies due to British blockade 2. Germany’s defenses crumble

II- The Armistice

A.Germany realizes their cause is lost 1. Request armistice (cease fire to make for peace talks) B. Allies Pull back troops Cancel Brest- Litousk Surrender all U-boats War reparations against Germany Divide Central Power colonies among allies B. Allies Pull back troops Cancel Brest- Litousk Surrender all U-boats War reparations against Germany Divide Central Power colonies among allies Wilson- 14 points: peace treaty w/out victory Arms reduction Freedom of the seas National self- determination League of Nations Removal of Kaiser

C. Treaty of Versailles 1. severe treatment of Germany a. stripped of colonies b. reparations (payments to cover war damages) c. limit on size & type of German military C. Treaty of Versailles 1. severe treatment of Germany a. stripped of colonies b. reparations (payments to cover war damages) c. limit on size & type of German military

2. League of Nations a. organization of countries designed to ensure peace 1. settle disputes and punish countries who break peace D. League of Nations in America 1. Congress rejects Wilson & the League a. will limit America’s ability to act unilaterally 2. League of Nations a. organization of countries designed to ensure peace 1. settle disputes and punish countries who break peace D. League of Nations in America 1. Congress rejects Wilson & the League a. will limit America’s ability to act unilaterally

2. Wilson goes on long speaking tour to gain support a. suffers stroke 3. U.S. never joins the league a. severely limits its power ** Cartoon p.726** 2. Wilson goes on long speaking tour to gain support a. suffers stroke 3. U.S. never joins the league a. severely limits its power ** Cartoon p.726**

E. Other treaties 1. Wilson’s policy of self- determination was seen in other treaties a. Austria-Hungary split (map p. 725) b. Serbs of Serbia join w/others to form Yugoslavia c. Poland declares independence mvp-7214 E. Other treaties 1. Wilson’s policy of self- determination was seen in other treaties a. Austria-Hungary split (map p. 725) b. Serbs of Serbia join w/others to form Yugoslavia c. Poland declares independence mvp-7214

III Post War America A- Influenza 1. troop movement caused spread a. 500,000 deaths in U.S. in 1918, 1919 b. killed more worldwide than the war A- Influenza 1. troop movement caused spread a. 500,000 deaths in U.S. in 1918, 1919 b. killed more worldwide than the war

B- Labor Issues 1. return of soldiers led to high unemployment 2. prices raise and unions demanded higher wages a. in 1919, 4 million workers went on strike B- Labor Issues 1. return of soldiers led to high unemployment 2. prices raise and unions demanded higher wages a. in 1919, 4 million workers went on strike

C- Red Scare 1. many thought Communist “Reds” were behind labor issues a. in Russia, Lenin had called for a worldwide revolution of workers 2. Between 1919 & 1920 a Red Scare, or fear of Communism spread a. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer ordered immigrants suspected of radical view deported 1. known as “Palmer Raids” C- Red Scare 1. many thought Communist “Reds” were behind labor issues a. in Russia, Lenin had called for a worldwide revolution of workers 2. Between 1919 & 1920 a Red Scare, or fear of Communism spread a. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer ordered immigrants suspected of radical view deported 1. known as “Palmer Raids”