All you need to know about Dengue Science ACE Powerpoint Presentation Done by: Lim Chun Han (16) 1P1

Overview of Presentation What dengue is Dengue fever and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) How dengue spreads About Aedes mosquitoes Symptoms and treatments Preventing Dengue

What Dengue Fever is Disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses: (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4) Viruses are transmitted to the human body with help of Aedes mosquitoes

What is dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)? A more severe form of dengue infection Can be fatal if unrecognised Caused by infection with the same viruses

How do these two types of fever spread? Transmitted to people by the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected by a dengue virus Symptoms may or may not shown, varying from individuals Virus will be transmitted from the mosquito to the human body in about a week Cannot spread from human to human

About Aedes mosquitoes Becomes infective 7 days after it has bitten a person infected with dengue Its average lifespan is 2 weeks Peak biting is at dawn and dusk

Symptoms of dengue fever High fever Severe headache Severe pain behind eyes Joint, muscle and bone pain Rash Mild bleeding Vomiting

Symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) Similar to those of the normal dengue fever, just that: Fever may last from 2 – 7 days When fever declines, vomiting, severe abdominal pain and difficulty breathing may develop Tend to bruise easily or other types of skin hemorrhages (e.g. bleeding nose or gum, internal bleeding)

Treatment for dengue fever (Part I) No specific medication yet Infected people should use: analgesics (pain relievers) with acetaminophen Avoid analgesics containing aspirins

Treatments for Dengue Fever (Part II) Rest, drink plenty of fluids and consult a physician If infected person feels worse in the first 24 hours after the fever declines… Go to the hospital immediately for evaluation

Treatments for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) No specific medication Can be treated by fluid replacement therapy If an early clinical diagnosis is made Might require hospitalisation

Where outbreaks of dengue fever can occur Areas where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes live Most tropical urban areas May be introduced into areas by travellers who become infected while visiting place where dengue fever can occur

Preventing dengue (Part I) No vaccine Eliminate places where the mosquito lays her eggs Primarily artificial containers that hold water Items that contain rainwater should be properly handled

Preventing dengue (Part II) Such items should be emptied and cleaned at least once a week: Pet and animal watering containers Vases with fresh flowers Such methods can reduce the risk of being infected by dengue: Using air conditioning Using window and door screens

Preventing Dengue (Part III) Preventing dengue can also be comprehended into five steps: Step 1 Turn pails and watering cans over and store them under shelter

Cover bamboo pole holders after use Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d Step 2 Remove water in plant pot plates. Clean and scrub the plate to remove mosquito eggs Step 3 Replace the gully trap with non-perforated ones and install anti-mosquito valves Step 4 Cover bamboo pole holders after use

Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d Step 5 On every other day, change the water in the flower vases and clean and scrub the inner sides of the flower vases. Wash roots of flowers and plants thoroughly as well

Preventing Dengue - Insect repellents A good tool for repelling mosquitoes Precautions to take: Do not use them under clothing Do not use over cuts, wounds and irritating skins Do not apply to eyes and mouth Use just enough Do not allow children to handle the product

Preventing dengue - Potential breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes Flower pot Flower pot plate Hardened soil of potted plants Collar of toilet bowls Gully trap Roof gutter Road side drain Scupper drain

Preventing dengue - Potential mosquito breeding sites

Thank You