1 II. Sewer Networks and Facilities Topic II.1. Kinds of Wastewater. General Scheme of Sewerage. Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns) Sewerage Definition:

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1 II. Sewer Networks and Facilities Topic II.1. Kinds of Wastewater. General Scheme of Sewerage. Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns) Sewerage Definition: A set of pipe networks, facilities and technical measures, aimed at collection, transportation, purification of wastewater from urban, rural or industrial territories and safety discharge it into the receiving water bodies.

2 Sewerage Service

3 Kinds of Wastewater §Sewer (domestic or sanitary wastewater) §Industrial wastewater §Atmospheric (rain, rainfall) wastewater (runoff)

4 Kinds of Wastewater Sewer (Sanitary Wastewater) §Specific flowrates (norms) - 90 % of specific water supply norms §Sewer regime §Sewer quality l Suspended solids (SS) l Organic substances - 60 % (BOD 5 ) l Inorganic substances - 40 % §Sewer quality - technical slang l Grey wastewater - from hygiene water use, washing machines, etc. l Black wastewater - from toilets flushes

5 Sewer Quality Sewer Pipe Network as a Biological Reactor

6 Kinds of Wastewater Industrial Wastewater §Specific flowrates (norms) - depend on: l Kind of the industry l Kind of the industrial technology l Kind of the equipment l Technological discipline §Industrial wastewater regimes §Industrial wastewater quality l Conditionally clean l Polluted

7 Kinds of Wastewater Atmospheric (Rain) Wastewater (Runoff) §Rainfall quantity - depends on climate §Rainfall regime - depends on climate §Rainfall and runoff quality - depends on antophogenic impact

8 General Scheme of Sewerage

9 General Scheme of Sewerage Yard sewer networkQuarter sewer network

10 General Scheme of Sewerage I, II and III - water sheds (subcatchments); 1 - subcatchments borders; 2 - collectors of second order; 3 - collectors of first order (submains);; 4 - main (trunk) collector; 5 - sewer pipeline (external trunk); 7 - pressure sewer pipeline; 8 - wastewater treatment plant (WTP); 9 - sewer discharge

11 Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)

12 Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns) Regional Sewerage Pattern