IV. Culture: Romanticism and Realism. The Madeleine Church, Paris, France. Madame Recamire, 1800, by Jacques-Louis David Mozart Classicism in Europe was.

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IV. Culture: Romanticism and Realism

The Madeleine Church, Paris, France. Madame Recamire, 1800, by Jacques-Louis David Mozart Classicism in Europe was roughly 1700 to 1800.

A.Romanticism (1800’s) – the arts expressed feeling, emotion, and imagination. In the late 1700’s, Romanticists abandoned classical reason (Enlightenment, 1700’s) for warmth and emotion to revolt against the Industrial Revolution. L'Education de la Vierge, (1842), by Eugène Delacroix, Paris.

Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog, (1818) by Caspar David Friedrich. Romanticism

The Lion Hunt (1861), Eugene Delacroix. Romanticism painting with drama and action (exotic)

Rain,SteamandSpeed, The Great North-WesternRailway(1844), by Joseph Turner. Romanticism

Memory of Civil War (1850), by Meissonier.Romanticism

Low Tide at Pourville, by Claude Monet

AugusteRenoir ( ), BerlinNationalMuseum.

Romantic architecture – Bavarian castle reflects the romantic love for medieval style (built between ).

Romanticism in Literature Mary Shelley’s gothic novel, Frankenstein (1818) was a vegetarian. Sir Walter Scott’s Ivanhoe was the best selling novel in the early 1800’s.

I Wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. - William Wordsworth The Chimney Sweeper When my mother died I was very young, Any my father sold me while yet my tongue Could scarcely cry "'weep! 'weep! 'weep! 'weep!“ So your chimneys I sweep, & in soot I sleep. - William Blake, 1794

This Living Hand This living hand, now warm and capable Of earnest grasping, would, if it were cold And in the icy silence of the tomb, So haunt thy days and chill thy dreaming nights That thou wouldst wish thine own heart dry of blood So in my veins red life might stream again, And thou be conscience- calmed—see here it is— I hold it towards you. John Keats, 1819 “Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.” - Percy Bysshe Shelley The cremation of Percy Shelley, by Edward Trelawny. The Keats- Shelley Museum in Rome, Italy.

B.Realism – the world should be viewed realistically. B.Realism – the world should be viewed realistically. 1.Started: early 1800’s in literature; mid-1800’s in art. Realists rejected Romanticism.

A Christmas Carol (1843), by Charles Dickens Dickens' Oliver Twist (1838). Charles Dickens, a British novelist, became very successful with his realistic novels focusing on the middle and lower classes in Britain. 2. Charles Dickens – A Christmas Carol shows life in mid-1800’s England.

The Stone Breakers (1849), Gustave Courbet. Realism

The Gleaners (1857), Jean-Francois Millet. Realism