IIASA J. Cofala Methodology for estimating the control potential and costs for PM emissions in Europe Costing method, cost components, parameters Types of data and data sources Cost curves Conclusions and further needs

IIASA Costing methodology (1) Annual cost method, 4 % real interest rate, constant prices of 1990 Cost components: –investment, –fixed O+M, –variable O+M costs Annual costs calculated per unit of: –Activity level (e.g., EURO/GJ fuel) –Pollutant removed (EURO/kg PM)

IIASA Costing methodology (2) Two types of data: Common – the same for all countries (e.g., capital investment, fixed O+M costs, demand for labor and electricity) Country – specific (labor and electricity prices, waste disposal costs, capacity utilization, capacity stock, applicability)

IIASA Data sources Reports of the UN/ECE Task Force on Emission Control Technologies Reports on BAT for DG ENV in connection with revision of the LCPD BAT REF documents of the European IPPC Bureau Reports and databases of other organizations (e.g., CONCAWE, IEA Coal Research) Auto Oil costing studies National sources on country – specific parameters

IIASA Emission abatement cost curves Rank available options according to marginal abatement cost Begin with ‘Current legislation’ emissions and costs Only measures on top of ‘Current legislation’ will be included Country-specific applicabilities Include information on capacity vintages (pre- 2000, post-2000) Retrofits of existing plants possible under certain conditions No retrofits of mobile sources

IIASA PM 2.5 cost curve - unabated

IIASA PM 2.5 cost curve – on top of CLE

IIASA Conclusions Costing methodology and first version of national PM cost curves available Costs of current legislation on PM emissions in Europe increase from 9 Billion Euro/year in 1990 to more than 50 Billion Euro/year in 2010 (CLE reduces 80 – 95 % of unabated emissions also in 1990) Input data for costs calculations need review Open questions (further work needed): –Rules for upgrading controls on existing sources –Rules for inclusion of multi-pollutant technologies (e.g., in transport) in integrated assessment to avoid double counting