Cell PEOPLE, Cell Size, and Cell Specialization Chap 7-1 & 7-4 http://www.parlament-berlin.de/Galeriecopy.nsf/0/8ABC720262898739C1256A480037F869?OpenDocumen http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg t

______________________ 1665- ______________________ used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork and saw “little boxes” He called them “CELLS” because they looked like the small rooms that monks lived in called Cells Microscope image: http://www.answers.com/topic/microscope Cork image: http://www.cortex.de/img_kork/cork_cells_big.jpg Hooke image: http://www.metaweb.com/wiki/upload/5/5c/Hookeyoungmtwb.jpg

___________________________________ 1673- ___________________________________ a Dutch microscope maker was the first to see LIVING ORGANISMS. Microscope/Leeuwenhoek image: http://www.answers.com/topic/microscope Animation from: http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/13-cells.htm

1838- German botanist __________________________concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells Plant image: http://www.epa.gov/maia/images/classification.gif Schleiden image: http://web.visionlearning.com/events/Schleiden_Apr5_2005.htm

_________________________concluded that 1839- German zoologist _________________________concluded that ALL ANIMALS ARE MADE OF CELLS Schwann image: http://home.tiscalinet.ch/biografien/biografien/schwann.htm Animals image: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/index.htm

medical doctor _____________________ saw dividing cells 1855- German medical doctor _____________________ saw dividing cells in the microscope and reasoned that cells come from other cells Virchow: http://www.parlament-berlin.de/Galeriecopy.nsf/0/8ABC720262898739C1256A480037F869?OpenDocument Mitosis: http://biology.dbs.umt.edu/biol101/labs/lab_6_images/sect01and06/Rebecca,%20tanner,%20and%20liam%20mitosis%20root%20tip.jpg

CELL THEORY 1. All living things are ________________________. 2. Cells are the basic unit of ____________ & _____________ in an organism. (cell = basic unit of _____________) 3. Cells come from the reproduction of ____________ cells Cell image: http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer1a.htm

American Biologist _____________________ Provided evidence for 1970- American Biologist _____________________ Provided evidence for the idea that ancestors of ____________ + _____________ were at one time free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by other cells and stayed to live symbiotically inside = _________________________ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn_Margulis

ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY See a movie about ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Endosymbiosis_theory.gif

Evidence for Endosymbiotic theory Mitochondria and chloroplasts are ONLY ORGANELLES with ____________________ + ______________ Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Bacteria ~ ALL have one circular _______ loop ~ ALL have __________________ with similar structure that are different from Eukaryotic ribosomes ~ ALL reproduce using _________________ ~ ALL have similar membrane _________________ http://www.cytochemistry.net/cell-biology/mitochondria_lifecycle_graduate.htm

All living things made of cells BUT… organisms can be very different. Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF UNICELLULAR MULTICELLULAR http://www.angelbabygifts.com/ http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

CELL SIZE http://facstaff.bloomu.edu/gdavis/links%20100.htm Typical cells range from: 5 – 50 micrometers (microns) in diameter

How big is a micron ( µm ) ? 1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns http://www.talentteacher.com/pics/005cb.jpg 1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns

MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS. They have different kinds of cells doing different jobs Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg

Cells in a multi-cellular organism become SPECIALIZED by turning different genes on and off Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg Cell Specialization =DIFFERENTIATION

SPECIALIZED ANIMAL CELLS Muscle cells Red blood cells http://www.biologycorner.com/bio3/images/bloodcells3D.jpg Cheek cells http://www.mlms.logan.k12.ut.us/~ajohnson/Cells.html

Specialized Plant cells Guard cells Xylem cells Pollen Guard cells: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/courses/img/Botany_130/Diversity/Bryophytes/Anthoceros/Guard_cells.jpg Xylem: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/One_Year_Stem/Primary_xylem_MC.jpg Pollen: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/pollen.jpg

________ __________  ___________ ________ __________  ___________ IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

____________  ____________  ____________  ____________  Similar cells working together IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

___________  __________ ___________ ___________  __________ ___________ Different tissues working together Different organs working together IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide