Group 3 – Soil Moving Kit Group 3 – We Get Hits Taylor Puckett Jason Morton William Price Brandon Elam Instructor: Dr. Ni Wang Date: 5/1/2015

Contents Background – slide 3 Problem Statement – Slide 4 Solution Approach – Slide 5 Project Schedule – Slide 6 Concept Design – Slide 7 Material Selection – Slides 8 – 11 Manufacturing Process – Slide 12 Configuration Design – Slide 13 Parametric Design – Slide 14 Detail Drawing – Slide 15 Assembly Drawing – Slide 16 Design for X – Slide 17 Economic Analysis – Slide 18 Concluding Remarks – Slide 19 References – Slide 20

Background The Shovel is one of the most common tools we have. It’s a tool almost everyone uses, but is especially used by contractor and anyone who needs to move soil. The shovel is used to help spread Blacktop, to level soil so that concrete can be poured, moving gravel, digging holes, and even to clean the tracks on a muddy dozer or excavator. The rake is also an important tool because it allows soil, dirt or blacktop to be leveled out. No one wants a lumpy drive way. The rake is also a useful tool used to break the dirt up, move it around and can also be used to help level soil. Our group set out to redesign and combine these tools into a more compact and durable version using the various stages of the design process, such as concept design, configuration design, parametric design, and detail design.

Problem Statement Our Group decided to make a more compact, versatile, and durable design for the Shovel, Rake, and Hoe. This will save people such as contractors space in their tool boxes and also provide a product that will last longer than the traditional designs. This would be especially important for contractors who have limited space in their tool boxes or tool trailers. It would also reduce the chance that their shovel, hoe, or rake would break on the job, which could lead to a delay in the job getting done and cost the contractor money.

Solution Approach Our solution for making a more compact design was to design a shaft/handle that had a threaded end that could be used to attach all three heads, which where also threaded so as to be attached to the shaft. To make the product more durable we looked at the part that is most common to break on traditional wooden shovels, rakes or hoes, which is the shaft/handle. We therefore decided to use a Fiberglass material for the shaft and a strong ABS plastic for the handle, which can withstand more force than wood and therefore make the product more durable

Project Schedule

Concept Design

Materials Selection Because our products durability and reliability depended so much upon the material we chose to construct it from, it was important that we choose suitable materials. We needed material that was both strong and elastic enough to not be brittle or break from repeated loads being applied. For the handle, we chose to use ABS plastic. This was because of its strength, ductility, price, and its ability to be easily recycled. For the shaft we chose to use fiberglass, because of its high strength and durability. For the heads we chose to use a mild steel because of its strength, elasticity, low cost, and its ability to be easily recycled.

ABS Plastic’s stress strain curve Image from: use-nonlinear-finite-element-analysis/

Fiberglass stress strain curve From: _027/ f2.gif

Mild Steel stress strain curve From: ault.asp?catid=217&pageid=

Manufacturing Process Stamp press molds need to be built for the different attachments, which are the hoe, rake, shovel and the handle that goes on the end of the shaft. These molds will have to be designed with CAD software and then cut out of high strength steel using a CNC machine. The molds for the hoe, rake and shovel will need to be designed to accommodate a stamping process to stamp press the designs out of medal. The stamped press parts will then be welded to a special machined attachment that will allow it to attach to the shaft handle. The handle at the end of the shaft handle will be made out of a durable ABS plastic and will use a process known as injection molding. The shaft handle will be made out of a high density Fiberglass and will be the backbone of the soil moving kit.

Configuration Design The key configuration component of this design is the machined metal attachment that will be welded to the attachments that make up the hoe, rake and shove. This machined metal attachment will have threads cut into the attachment that will thread on to the shaft handle. This will allow the Soil Moving Kit to be versatile and making it unique to other hand tools.

Parametric Design The other design that we had in mind before choosing the machined metal attachment was a push button quick connect system. The problem with this is that it involved tiny springs and movable parts. The cost was going to be a lot more to manufacture and it would not be as durable as just a machined metal attachment with threads.

Detail Drawing

Assembly Drawing

Design for X The main thing we did to ensure that our product was both durable and Reliable was by selecting material that was both strong and elastic enough to not be brittle. We also looked at this materials environmental impacts. The steel and ABS plastic are both commonly recycled. Fiberglass has proven hard to recycle, but a new method has been found. This method involves taking old fiberglass and using it in cement mixtures.

Economic Analysis Where q* is the number of units sold to break even, FC is the Fixed Cost, r is the revenue per unit and v is the variable cost per unit. FC per year = $200,000 r = $75 v = $35 q* = 5,000 So from our calculations, we will need to sell 5,000 units per year to break even.

Concluding Remarks Our product improves the overall quality and versatility of tools like the shovel, rake, and hoe. Our product will be more durable than their traditional counter-parts and will thus have a longer life-span, reducing the amount of waste from similar product. It will also be easier to replace the head or handle than the standard designs, should the product eventually break. This is a product that would likely be used by general contractors, who would appreciate the products ability to save space as well as it's more durable design. In the future more heads such as a mattock or pick end could be adapted to fit on our product, increasing its usefulness and versatility.

References ◦ Fiberline, Breakthrough: Recycling of Fiberglass is now reality, (Sep 14 th 2010) from: recycling-fibreglass-now-realityhttp://fiberline.com/news/miljoe/breakthrough- recycling-fibreglass-now-reality ◦ Chris Loughnane, When to use nonlinear finite element analysis, (2011) element-analysis/ ◦ Torsten hoglund, Frans Soetens, Jan Rothe, Jurgen Hirsch, Marc Ryckeboer, Steinar Lundberg, Aluminum vs. Steel: Stress-strain behaviour, (2010) &pageid= ◦ Robert J Eggert, Engineering Design – 2 nd Edition, (2010)