American Services And Products Walter Coelho International Sales Representative Oscar Bueso Sales Latin America Joe Chao Technical Advisor / Domestic Sales

Ballistics Overview Review of common ballistic materials Typical vest construction Review of ballistic standards Anti stab armour The vest manufacturer’s art Blunt Trauma

Ballistic materials Soft armour Manufacturer Type Name Construction Twaron Aramid Woven Dupont Kevlar DSM Polyethylene Dyneema Uni-directional Honeywell Spectra shield Uni –directional Goldflex Toyobo PBO Zylon Woven or uni-directional

Ballistic materials Hard armour TYPE WEIGHT** CONSTRUCTION Ceramic 5.7 lbs/2.6 kgs Ceramic (alumina oxide) with aramid backing Steel 7.7 lbs/3.5 kgs Tempered steel/specialised metals UHMWPE 3.1lbs/1.4 kgs Pressed polyethylene Dyneema or Spectrashield Glass Ceramic 4.2 lbs/1.9 kgs Glass ceramic with aramid or UHMWPE backing ** 10 x 12 inch combination plate

Ballistic panel construction Ballistic Level Type Construction Plies NIJ IIIA Aramid 100% Aramid 30-32 Polyethylene 100% Polyethylene 32-34 PBO 100% PBO Hybrid x% Aramid x% Polyethylene 26 x% Aramid x% PBO

Review of Ballistic standards NIJ the most common standard, but many National standards exist Levels IIA, II and IIIA cover hand guns Levels III and IV cover rifles

NIJ Standard 0101.04 NIJ LEVEL BULLET TYPES IIA 9mm FMJ, .40 S & W II 9mm FMJ, .357 Mag JSP IIIA 9mm FMJ, .44 Mag SJHP III 7.62 x 51 NATO FMJ IV .30 M2 AP Go to www.nlectc.org for full definition of NIJ protocol

MIL STD and STANAG NIJ = V0 standard,stop pass/no stop fail Mil Std 662E (USA) and STANAG 2920 (NATO) are V50 standards using a FSP (fragment simulation projectile) (17gr FSP)

Anti Stab Armor US STD NIJ 0101.15 , UK PSDB Anti stab and anti spike are different Solutions can be woven, chainmail, platelets, steel/aluminium/titanium wire

Manufacturers’ art Firstly To meet the specified standard To construct the best functional carrier The produce the lightest, most flexible and most comfortable solution To provide a cost effective package

Selecting body armor Chose the correct Level of protection Select only independently certified armor Balance weight and flexibility against price Allow the manufacturer to use their skills Consider breathability and comfort Chose a reputable manufacturer

Measurement of Performance The V50 is usually used as the basic measurement of performance V50 is the 50% probability of penetration of defined bullet type expressed in terms of velocity in m/sec (or in the USA fps) Areal weight is also used and this is expressed in terms of kg/m2 (or in the USA lbs/ft2) Sometimes these two references are used to express a RPI (Relative Performance Indicator) V50 divided by A/D – This enables comparative evaluation between armour types

Blunt Trauma The US National Institute of Justice Standard is 44 mm maximum depth of indentation on the body side, or trauma, measured on a clay similar to Roma Plastilina #1 Body armor solution= protection x comfort

International Standards BFS Country Blunt Trauma Level US NIJ <44mm UK PSDB <25mm German Schutzklasse <25mm and 40mm Belgium <20mm Netherlands KLPD Sweden RPS

Hard Armour Plates Hard armour plates are designed to defeat high velocity rifle rounds NIJ Level III and NIJ Level IV Materials= steel, ceramic or UHMWPE

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