Zoology Phylum Mollusk. I. Intro to Mollusks A. Mollusk  soft bodied B. 2 nd largest phyla 1. small  large 2. fast movers  slow movers 3. intelligent.

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Zoology Phylum Mollusk

I. Intro to Mollusks A. Mollusk  soft bodied B. 2 nd largest phyla 1. small  large 2. fast movers  slow movers 3. intelligent  non-intelligent 4. Deep seas  mountain tops C. Ex: squid, clam, oyster, octopus, snail, slugs, etc. D. Used as a food source 1. clams, oysters, etc. E. Used for jewelry (pearls) F. All have a “foot”  specialized muscular organ

II. Cephalopods A. Facts 1. Cephalo = head / poda = foot 2. Includes…squid, octopus, nautilus 3. Active predators 4. shell  nautilus 5. no shell  octopus + squid

B. The Nautilus

1. Locomotion -”foot” acts as a siphon  pushes water out -gas filled chambers 2. Nervous System -intelligent -chemoreceptor cell  used to camouflage 3. Others -60 to 90 tentacles (no suckers) -sexual reproduction -radula  tongue like structure i. 250,000 teeth ii. Conveyor belt

C. The Squid

1. Locomotion -same as nautilus 2. Nervous System -exceptional eyes -chemoreceptor cell 3. Others -sepia  ink sac; helps hide from enemies -8 arms / 2 tentacles -pen  acts as backbone of squid -beak – used to break up food

D. The Octopus

1. Locomotion – same as squid 2. Nervous System -great eye sight -extremely intelligent (can be conditioned) -chemoreceptor cells 3. Others -sepia -pen -8 arms – all with suction cups -beak – used to break up food

III. Gastropods A. Facts 1. gaster = stomach / poda = foot 2. Largest group of mollusks (50,000) 3. Ex: snails and slugs 4. Dioecious (individual sexes) or monoecious (both sexes) 5. can be terrestrial (gills or lungs) 6. Sluggish or slow moving 7. Usually feed on algae or plankton 8. Occupy a shell for protection

B. Conus 1. active predator 2. uses worm-like tongue to lure in prey -fish bites…proboscis fires…injects venom…paralyzes fish 3. lethal sting to humans

IV. Class Pelecypoda (Bivalves) A. Facts 1. pelecy = hatchet / poda = foot 2. Ex: mussels, clams, scallops, oysters 3. Filter Feeders 4. no radula 5. Dioecious

B. The Clam 1. External Anatomy a. Umbo – oldest part of the shell b. Hinge Ligament – keeps the 2 shells connected c. Growth Rings

Growth Rings Umbo Anterior Side Ventral Side 3. Hinge Ligament

2. Internal Anatomy a. Siphons -incurrent  takes water + food into clam -excurrent  removes waste b. Mantle – tissue that covers the organs of the clam -similar to skin c. Palp – guide food into the mouth d. Heart -3 chambered -beats slow (0.2 – 30 times/min.)

e. Kidneys -filter blood -U shaped -Nephridial Tubules – connect to the kidney f. Ganglia -3 pairs -poorly developed g. Muscles -anterior adductor -posterior adductor -both close the shell -Extremely strong