Legacy of the Ancient Greeks

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Presentation transcript:

Legacy of the Ancient Greeks Parthenon in Athens, Greece

Classical Age of Greece (700 – 323 B.C.E) Importance: Produced a political, cultural & philosophical movement which was a key foundation for Western Civilization |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 700 B.C.E. 2009 C.E. 1 C.E. Timeline (B.C.E. = before common era)

Greek Empire: comprised of city-states

Reading: Legacy of Ancient Greece Aristocrat Monarchy Mercantile Class

Term Set Format Got Importance?

What is a Philosopher? A philosopher studies the world & human nature to find “truth” by using reason & logic. Knowledge Wisdom Aware of facts/data The ability to discern or judge what is true, right, or lasting; deep insight. Example: “We can’t solve problems with same kind of thinking we used to create them”

3 Greek Philosophers who: Respected human intelligence faith in the individual Attempted to “seek truth "by using “reason & logic” to study nature Writings were often in argument or dialogue form Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Plato 427-347 B.C.E. Aristotle 384-322 B.C.E.

Rafael: School of Athens 1508 Medieval Art Rafael: School of Athens 1508

Plato & Democracy Reading

Philosopher Kings What is virtue? What is a benevolent ruler? What are values? Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Plato 427-347 B.C.E. Aristotle 384-322 B.C.E.

The Trial of Socrates Video: Road to Democracy DVD Scene #10 minutes long

Primary Source: Aristotle Reading

Road to Democracy Solon introduces limited democracy to Athens (600BC) created 4 classes of citizens (based on wealth not heredity) only 1/10th of country considered “citizens” Cleisthenes advances democracy (500BC) attempted to break up the power of nobility created “council of 500” to propose new laws Pericles introduces direct democracy (450BC) his rule known as Greek’s “Golden Age”

Direct Democracy vs. Republic Video: Road to Democracy DVD Scene 4

Primary Source: Pericles Reading Greek Ruler 495 – 429 BC

Greek Legacy Considered foundation of Western Civilization Developed Direct Democracy Empowered the “individual” citizen Advanced art, philosophy & science Promoted a meritocracy vs. aristocracy Developed 3-branches of Government Heavily influenced the Roman Empire

The fall of the Greek Empire 700 – 323 B.C.E 461-429 Golden Age of Greece under Pericles Athens reigned supreme during period City-States/Geography made empire difficult to unite Sparta vs. Athens in constant conflict 408 BCE Spartans seek Persian help to fight Athens Sparta wins but empire greatly weakened Sparta disbands Delian League (404 BCE)

The Fall of Democracy 383-323 BCE Macedonia in Northern Greece establishes dominance & establishes a monarchy under King Phillip II Alexander the Great (Phillip’s son) greatly expands empire & rules until his death (323 BCE)

Plato’s Republic Reading

Sparta Legacy vs. Athens Legacy Sparta had military supremacy but left little of lasting cultural significance Athens was eventually defeated by Sparta, but left a cultural legacy that influenced Western Civilization for 2,500 years!