Greece’s Golden Age B.C

I.Golden Age of Greece: During Athens golden age, drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy, architecture and science all reached new heights.

a.Pericles’—leader of Athens's Golden Age. Pericles’ goals: 1. Strengthen Athenian democracy a. Direct democracy— ruled directly and not through representatives. YES! NO!

b. Pericles’ increased the amount of paid officials allowing even poor to hold public office.

2.Pericles’ held and strengthened Athens: a. Used money from Delian League to make Athenian navy strongest in the Mediterranean Sea

3.Glorify Athens: a. Used money from the Delian League to beautify Athens ex. Parthenon

Acropolis—the fortified upper part of a Greek city

II.Greek Contributions: A. Greek Sculpture: figures were graceful, strong and serene 1. Classical art—valued order, balance and proportion= REALISTIC!

Architecture: columns DoricIonicCorinthian

C.Drama—there were two types of Greek dramas: 1. Tragedy—serious drama about common themes ex. Love, war, hate, betrayal

2. Comedy—contained slapstick humor and situations

D.Philosophers: “lovers of wisdom/ seekers of truth” 1. Greek thinkers who tried to use observation and reason to understand why things happened

1.Socrates: “Father of Philosophy” a. Encouraged Greeks to learn about beliefs and ideas by asking questions.

“The unexamined life is not worth living.” Socrates

2. Plato—student of Socrates who wrote down the teachings of Socrates and started a school called The Academy.

a. Author of The Republic in which he describes his idea of a perfectly governed society

b. His philosophy dominated philosophic thought in Europe for nearly 1,500 years

3. Aristotle—student of Plato who questioned the nature of the world and human belief, thought and knowledge and started a school called The Lyceum

a. His work provided the basis for the scientific method used today

III. Peloponnesian War—tension between Athens and Sparta grew and finally erupted in war

1.Sparta had the advantage on land and Athens had the advantage at Sea

2.Most of the war was fought on land giving Sparta the advantage and eventually the victory a. Result—Athens lost its empire, power and wealth