Special Diets Goal 7.03: Investigate special dietary needs.

Diet Related Diseases

Heart Disease caused by high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity Cut out salt(sodium) to reduce risk of high blood pressure. Instead season foods with herbs and spices.

Diabetes life-long condition in which the body can not adequately control blood sugar levels the body can not manage insulin production or use obesity and inactivity contribute to the development

in order to manage: *eat the right balance of food *insulin injections in order to prevent: *maintain a healthy weight *exercise regularly

Osteoporosis weak/brittle bones caused by/prevented by: – low calcium intake/eat a diet rich in calcium – tobacco use/don’t use it! – eating disorder/eat healthy – sedentary lifestyle/EXERCISE! – excessive alcohol consumption/don’t drink

Cancer can be caused by a high fat diet(too much red meat), highly processed foods, excessive salt obesity increases your risk of cancer Eating too much red meat and a lack of adequate fiber increases your risk of cancer.

prevention: – a diet high in fiber and low in saturated fats – whole foods – healthy weight – EXERCISE! – eat brightly colored fruits and vegetables

Food Allergies body’s immune system reacts to a particular food substance (foreign invader) Symptoms- stomach pain, diarrhea, rashes, itching, swelling, nasal congestion, death

Common Allergies: peanuts shellfish eggs milk wheat soybeans

Intolerance trouble digesting food or food component Symptoms: – diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, cramps, gas, abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, headache

Common Intolerances: – lactose- milk sugar – artificial sweeteners – MSG (flavor and preservative) – sulfites (preservative) – gluten

Nutrition through Life’s Stages

Pregnancy increase intake of minerals and vitamins eat foods high in folic acid, fiber, calcium, iron, vitamin C, vitamin A fruits, enriched grain products, dark green vegetables

Infancy iron fortified infant formula or breast milk 4-6 months- iron fortified rice cereal baby food 6-8 months 8-10 months finger foods (soft toast, skinless fruit, cooked vegetables, cheese) do not limit fat from whole foods

Childhood nutrient dense foods regular, consistent meal patterns Do not limit fat from whole foods. Avoid high fat and sugary foods. milk, juice, yogurt, fruits, vegetables, unsweetened cereal, whole grain crackers, meat, poultry, fish

Adolescence 2 nd most rapid growth period in life nutrient dense foods iron and calcium needed to build bones and muscles follow body cues- hunger and height gain

Adulthood same nutrients but fewer calories healthy, low-calorie whole foods

Older Adulthood body uses calcium, vitamins D and B12 less effectively (need more in daily diet) need more liquid intake

Calories energy in foods

Sports Diet Eat an easily digestible meal 3-4 hours before a game. Eat a meal consisting of complex carbohydrates (pasta, breads, fruits and vegetables) and very little protein (meat). Eat a small snack 30 min before a game (granola bar, banana, graham crackers, fig bars, pretzels).

To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of water 6-12 oz 1 hour before a game. can lose up to 5 quarts of water through perspiration hydrate after exercise- 3 c. for every pound lost post game meal- eat carbohydrates and proteins (4:1 ratio)

Supplement Use Supplements should not take the place of healthy eating. Excessive amounts of vitamins and minerals can cause heart problems. If it sounds too good to be true- IT IS!!!!!