Energy in Aviation View from an Aerospace company

What do we include in ‘aviation’ Civil commercial: –Passenger travel –Freight Civil government agency –Search and rescue –Police –Medical Military –Training –Refugee relief –warfare

Effects of aviation on society Good Air travel –Business –Holidays Freight movements Safety & rescue Aerospace/aviation industry jobs; exports; wealth in economy Bad Green-house gas emissions Noise Land-use Crashes/danger

Aircraft effects on the environment Aircraft fuel combustion gases: –CO 2 ; NO X ; O 3 ; hydrocarbons –Contrails; cirrus formation Aircraft noise Aircraft manufacturing processes Aircraft servicing processes

Related impacts Land use for airports Ground transportation to airports eg car travel Freight transport to airports

Industry/SBAC actions Impact of aviation is important Industry and SBAC seeking solutions Established working committees and action groups Reports; programmes; commitments for action and change

Focus for this discussion 1.Energy use for flying aircraft 2.Land use for an airport

Energy use for aircraft Greenhouse gas production from aircraft: –CO 2 ; NO X ; O 3 ; hydrocarbons About 36 million tonnes of CO 2 are produced by aircraft in the skies over the UK This represents about 5% of the CO 2 generated in the UK Growth rate of about 6% per annum

Mechanisms for energy/CO 2 reduction New engine technology Better aerodynamic design Larger aircraft ‘better’ air traffic control Bio-fuels Carbon offsets Carbon trading Fuel tax

Or…. FLY LESS

Progress on CO 2 reduction 1960 – 1990 = 70% reduction in fuel per RTK 1990 – 2004 = 24% reduction in fuel RTK RTK = revenue tonne kilometre

ACARE emission targets 50% improvement in fuel efficiency per seat kilometre 80% reduction in NO X generated By 2020 on new aircraft of 2020 vs aircraft of 2000

Land use for Cambridge airport Cambridge Airport covers about 730 acres of land within the Cambridge City green-belt Has a 1965 metre Category 1 runway About 130 aircraft movements a day (on average)

Change of ‘zoning’ Cambridge Airport has been in the ‘green-belt’ and therefore not eligible for housing development There has been a local campaign to stop flying from Cambridge Airport The UK government wants to see an increase in housing in the South East, eg Cambridge Current plans are to remove Cambridge Airport from the green-belt and ‘re-zone’ it for housing

Status These plans are under development and have not been confirmed Marshall Aerospace would move to another location; possibly Alconbury, Wyton or Mildenhall Other locations are all pleased to have Marshall re- locate

Environmental issues Marshall Aerospace has an environmental team to ensure compliance with all relevant legislation In addition, there is an Environmental Committee that aims to identify changes that will reduce environmental impact

Summary: aviation The aviation industry is a major contributor to the UK economy –Air travel; holidays; business trips –New aerospace products –Businesses and jobs –Wealth in the economy Air travel is here to stay: we need –New technologies to reduce impact –A sustainable growth rate

Summary: Marshall Focus on higher value-add products and service lines Introduce energy saving and environmental savings wherever possible Work with aircraft manufacturers to make aircraft more environmentally sustainable