European Settlements -European Settlements -as European nations began to settle the New World they settled in certain areas -Spanish-- St. Augustine, Florida 1565 oldest settlement still inhabited and capital of Spanish FL for 200 years SW, Florida, Texas -French– Canada, Mississippi R. Champlain- Quebec, fur traders, “Big River” -Dutch—New York Hudson- New Netherland, all immigrants welcome -English—East Coast English take New Netherland and rename it New York, also founded New Jersey.

First English Attempt -Roanoke, NC 1584 Queen Elizabeth I attempts to permanently settle Sir Walter Raleigh- led settlers into NC Lost Colony- carving of Croatoan, Meanings? Where did they go? John White- left for supplies 10 days after arriving- 3 years later he returns and all had vanished Virginia Dare- White’s granddaughter, 1 st born English child on American soil. Video- n/videos/mystery-roanoke n/videos/mystery-roanoke If it says “attempt” what do you think that means?

English Settlements -Virginia Company- joint stock, given permission to start a colony Jamestown, of 144 survive the trip from England. Land near James River (modern day Virginia) John Smith – bartered with natives to keep them afloat, BECAME THE LEADER OF THE COLONY Hard times- not enough food especially with 400 more mouths to feed, landed in May therefore…. Powhatan- settlers raided their food supply “ Starving Time ”- winter of survived the winter, resort to cannabilism cannibalism/

Jamestown- success? -more colonists- 150 more -1 st democratic gov ’ t House of Burgesses 1 gov., 6 councilors, 20 burgesses (2 from each town) -tobacco as a cash crop John Rolfe- Trinidad seeds and better method Pocahontas- marries John Rolfe -headright system 50 acres to each new colonist -indentured servants -first slaves imported Think-Pair-Share Why is the House of Burgesses so important to the development of U.S. government?

What else? Oh yeah, she died shortly thereafter of smallpox.

Clash with Indians -desire for land led to conflicts -European feelings of superiority -no intermarriage with Indians groups -fought wars with Powhatan Indians (There were 12,000 of them, known as Algonquian. Why?) -Virginia becomes royal colony so that King ’ s Army can protect settlers

First Rebellion -Indian dispute on the frontier Backwoods farmers vs Natives for land -Colonists ask for protection from Virginia Gov ’ t, but were denied Sir William Berekley- governor -Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov ’ t Burned Jamestown -showed signs of discontent with leadership - Virginia began to support farmers and expansion

Religious Reasons -Henry VIII begins the Anglican Church -Reformers want to rid the church of all Roman Catholic traditions -Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England individual and congregational control of religion

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “ Of Plymouth Plantation ”

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “ Of Plymouth Plantation ”

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “ Of Plymouth Plantation ”

Massachusetts Bay Company -Puritans -John Winthrop -City on a Hill be an example to the world -connection between church and state -strict adherence to Puritan rules

Puritan Dissent -Roger Williams Separation of Church and State exiled from the colony fled and founded Providence R.I. -Anne Hutchinson belief in individual worship banished in famous trial fled to R.I.

Puritan Dissent -Roger Williams Separation of Church and State exiled from the colony fled and founded Providence R.I. -Anne Hutchinson belief in individual worship banished in famous trial fled to R.I.

Indian Resistance -some cooperation but short lived -disease, land, and religion caused disputes -Pequot War, 1637 massacre of Indians -King Philip ’ s War lots of deaths on both sides but colonists win and Indian resistance fades