1 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig. 6.1 A.

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1 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig. 6.1 A typical capacitor

2 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig. 6.3 Circuit symbols for capacitors a) fixed capacitor b) variable capacitor

3 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig a) Parallel-connected N capacitors

4 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig b) equivalent circuit for the parallel capacitors

5 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig a) Series-connected N capacitors

6 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig b) Equivalent circuit for the series capacitors

7 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig Typical form of an inductor

8 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig Circuit symbols for inductors

9 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig a) A series connection of N inductors

10 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig b) Equivalent circuit for the series inductors

11 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig a) A parallel connection of N inductors

12 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig b) Equivalent circuit for the parallel inductors

13 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig Replacing the feedback resistor in the inverting amplifier in (a) produces an integrator in (b).

14 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig Replacing the feedback resistor in the inverting amplifier in (a) produces an integrator in (b).

15 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS F U N D A M E N T A L S O F CHARLES K. ALEXANDER MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 Fig An op amp differentiator