1 P.5 RATIONAL EXPRESSIOS Objectives: Simplify Rational Expression Operations on Rational Expressions Determining the LCD of Rational Expressions Complex Fractions ( التعبير الكسرية )
2 Polynomial – The sum or difference of monomials. Rational expression – A fraction whose numerator and denominator are polynomials. Domain of a rational expression – the set of all real numbers except those for which the denominator is zero. Reduced form – a rational expression in which the numerator and denominator have no factors in common.
3 Rational Function: Let p(x) and q(x) be polynomials. Then a rational function is given by: The domain (values x can take) of the fcn includes all x- values such that q(x) 0.
4 Ex: Find the domain : The domain of f is all values of x, … but x 0; solve by factoring … (x - 2)(x + 2) 0; By ZPP, x-2 0; x+2 0 x 2 Domain=
5 solve: x 0 x 2 -1 No real solutions …. There are no restrictions on the values x can take.
6 Rational Expressions P, Q, R, and S are polynomials Addition Operation Multiplication Subtraction Division Notice the common denominator Find the reciprocal and multiply
7 Cancellation Properties
8 Rational Expressions Ex: Simplify Cancel common factors Factor Ex: Simplify Factor Cancel common factors Multiply Across
9 Factor the numerator and denominator Divide out the common factors. Write in simplified form. Ex: Simplify
10 Rewrite the problem as multiplication. Factor each rational expression Divide out the common factors. Write in simplified form.
11 Least Common Denominator( LCD) ( المقام المشترك الاصغر )
12 Adding/Subtracting Combine like terms Must have LCD: x(x + 4) Distribute and combine fractions
13 Complex Fractions Factor to get here Distribute and reduce to get here Multiply by the LCD: x ( الكسور المركبة )
14 Ex: Simplify