Period 1&2 Warming up and Reading I Unit 5 First aid

? First Aid First aid is a temporary form of _____ given to someone who suddenly _______ or ___________ before a doctor can be found. Often the ______ or ______ is not_______, but first aid given quickly will save one’s life . help falls ill gets injured illness injury serious

General description of first aid Choking Cuts Nosebleed Sprain

Data The importance of first aid 28.7% The survival rate(生存率) of heart attack 1% America China First aid should be spread(传播) widely in China!

Tips for first aid: First aid should be given in the golden four minutes! First aid should be given timely! First aid should be given properly!

First aid quiz 1 Which person would you help first? A. Li Yan who has cut her foot on glass B. Xue Jin who has a bloody nose C. Gao Yuan who is on the ground not breathing D. Wang Feng who has broken her arm

First aid quiz 2 When you are carrying out rescue breathing, where do you check for a pulse? A. the neck B. the wrist C. the foot D. the chest

First aid quiz 3 When carrying out rescue breathing, how many times a minute should you blow air into the victim’s mouth? A. 4 B. 8 C. 15 D. 20

First aid quiz 4 How would you stop severe bleeding? A. cover the wound with plastic B. wash the wound C. do nothing as the bleeding will stop by itself D. put a bandage over the wound and then press on it

First aid quiz 5 In a medical emergency in China, what telephone number would you call? A. 110 B. 114 C. 119 D. 120

First aid quiz 6. Which organization has a close relationship with First aid? A. World Health Organization B. Red Cross Organization C. World Youth Organization D. World Trade Organization

First aid quiz 7. What items should be put in a first aid kit? (more than one answer) A. bandages B. ice pack C. medical cotton D. medical alcohol E. tape _____________________ (绷带) (冰袋) (药用棉花) (药用酒精) (胶带) A B C D E

●. Try to catch the snake and don’t wash the venom(毒液) off the skin. Venom will spread quickly with the circulation of the blood. ●. Apply a bandage, wrapped four or five inches above the bite. Call medical help at once. R a snake bite

R bleeding ●. Wash the wound under running water. It won’t help in stopping bleeding. ●. Put pressure on the wound, sit the girl down and raise the arm above the level of the heart. R bleeding

R a sprained ankle ●. Have the boy sit down and put his foot up on a chair and then put an ice pack on his ankle if possible. R ●. Have the boy keeping walk- ing for a while and then put warm clothes on his ankle. It may cause the injured ankle to swell. a sprained ankle

R choking ●. Drink more water and drive the food to the stomach. If you do so, it would block your airway. ●.Firstly, encourage coughing. If it doesn’t work, slap her four or five times on her back. R choking

R a bloody nose his head up slightly and gently. ●. Get the boy sit down, raise his head up slightly and gently. If you swallow blood you might be sick. ●. Sit down and bend the boy’s head forward and pinch(捏) his nose for ten minutes. R a bloody nose

Pre-reading for burns First Aid

First aid for burns What should Mom do to treat the burn? A. Tell her to put her fingers in her mouth. B. Take her to the doctor . C. Put butter on her fingers and wrap them in bandages. D. Put her burned fingers under cool water.

Scanning In which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5. ____ the three types of burns ____ what to do if someone gets burned ____ the functions of skin ____ the symptoms of burns ____ how we get burns 3 5 1 4 2

three__________ which act as a ______ essential Para. 1 (the purpose of skin) : What is the skin? What can the skin do? ( functions) ___________part largest________ three__________ which act as a ______ essential skin organ layers barrier

What can the skin do? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Protect you against diseases, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays Keep you warm or cool Prevent your body from losing water Let you feel cold, heat or pain Give you your sense of touch

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ If your skin gets b______, it can be very serious. gets burned What gets the skin burned? ○ hot liquids ○ chemicals ○ mild weather ○ steam ○ electricity ○ the sun ○ fire ○ radiation ○ spring (温泉) √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Types of burns Affect only the top layer of the skin. Second Effect Example . mild sunburn, burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment First degree burns Affect only the top layer of the skin. Second degree burns Affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. Severe sunburn, burns caused by hot liquids Affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires Third degree burns

Types of burns Characteristics Symptoms swollen blister serious First degree burns Second degree burns Third degree burns swollen blister Watery surface A B C serious severe mild tissue seen nerves damaged very severe

Burns are divided into three degrees according A. the degree of pain B. the causes of burns C. the layer of the skin that is burned D. the color of the skin

Listen to first aid treatment and fill the blanks. Remove scissors _______ Clothing using _______ ______ other clothing and jewellery near the burns. ______ the burns with cool water. ______ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns. ______ the burned area gently. Do not ____ ______ the burned area with a dry, clean bandage. ______ the burned area ______ than the heart, if possible. ______ the victim ____the doctor or hospital, if possible. Take off Cool Place Dry rub Cover higher Keep to Get

Treatment Remove clothing using scissors. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burns. Cool the burns with running water. Place cool, clean wet cloths on the second degree burns. Dry the burned area gently. Do not rub. Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage. Keep the burned area higher than the heart, if possible. Get the victim to the doctor or hospital, if possible.

Comprehension Answer the following questions.  1 .   Why should you put cold water on a burn?  2 .  Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?  3 .   Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?  4 .  If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?

Read the first aid treatment for these burns. Read the first aid treatments for these burns. If the treatment is right, writes R in the brackets. If it is wrong, write W in the brackets and explain why. Then give the correct treatment. 1.      Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. ( ) 2.     While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor. ( )    F T

3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking   3 .   Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage. ( )  4 . After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water. ( ) F T

Summary First Aid for Burns hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity chemicals Causes of burns Types of burns Characteristics of burns First degree burns Second degree burns Third degree burns First aid treatment First degree burns Second degree burns Third degree burns dry, red ,swollen rough, red, swollen, blisters, watery surface black and white and charred, swollen, 1. take off clothing; 2. cool burns with cool water; (don’t put cold water on third degree burns) 3. first’—place cool, clean, wet cloths on them; second’—keep cloths cool…

dry cool take off get…to place cover First aid treatment step by step 4 2 take off get…to place cover 1 3 6 5 Mary’s left foot gets a second degree burn with her trousers on.

A dialogue between a doctor and a mother: D: Can I help you? M: ……get burned… D: How did you get burned? M: …… D: What symptoms does it have now? M: ……. Do you think it is serious? D: Oh. It is (only) the…degree burn, I think. M: What should I do now ? D: Well, you’d better…… M:…… D:…… M: Thank you, doctor. Does he need to take any medicine? D: It depends. Please come to see me if necessary. M: OK,I’ll. Thanks again.

Data The importance of first aid The survival rate(生存率) of 28.7% The survival rate(生存率) of heart attack 1% America China

第一,开门见山地点名本图表所反映的主题 常用句型 ①As the graph shows/describes/tells/represents , … ②As is shown in the graph, ………. ③According to (the statistics/figures shown) in the graph , ④The graph shows / describes/tells/represents that … ⑤It can be seen /concluded from the graph that … ⑥It is clear from the graph that…… 　　

Example: rates of heart attack in American and China. The graph shows the different survival rates of heart attack in American and China. More than 28.5 percent people survived heart attack every year while in China only 1 percent did it.

Example The difference can be explained by several reasons. For one thing… For another …

第三，归纳总结或发表评论. 阐述个人观点 ①Finally…; Therefore… ②In a word…; In short…; In the end…; As a result…; In all…; ③Generally speaking… ④As I have shown…; As has been stated…; As you(we) all know 阐述个人观点 ①As far as I am concerned／In my opinion, ②From the data in the chart, it goes without saying that...

Example From the data in the chart, it goes without saying that first aid should be spread(传播) widely in China!

Emergency [紧急情况,突发事件] Bleeding choking A broken arm A sprained ankle A snake bite Bleeding A sprained ankle choking A broken arm A bloody nose

Lay the person down and keep him still. A snake has bitten him on his leg. Lay the person down and keep him still. Do not wash the venom(毒液) off the skin, it will help identify the type of snake. Apply pressure to the bitten part with your hands and then, as soon as possible with a bandage firmly over the bite. Do not move him until the doctor is coming.

Put a bandage on the wound and apply pressure to reduce the bleeding 2.She cut her arm with some broken glass and is bleeding badly. Put a bandage on the wound and apply pressure to reduce the bleeding 3. He has badly sprained his ankle. Have the victim sit down and raise the foot. Put an ice pack on ankle to reduce the pain. Firm the injured part and call for help.

4. She is choking on a piece of food. If the person can cough or speak or breathe, don't do anything. If you move her, the food in her throat may be caused to move and completely block the airway. If the person can not breathe or speak, hit him between the shoulders with your hand three of four times.

5. She has broken her arm. Do not move the broken bone if possible. Support the broken arm in the most comfortable position. Keep the arm still using a sling (绷带，带子) or get the victim to support the broken arm with the other arm. Call for help immediately.

Get the person to sit down, rise his 6. He has a bleeding nose (a nose bleed) Get the person to sit down, rise his head up slightly and gently. Put a soft thing, like handkerchief or paper into the nose to prevent the nose from bleeding.