Health & Safety By: Venus Metcalf & Layla Sadler

Safety issues ages(0-2)  Firearm Hazards  Poisonings  Falls  Burns  Drowning  Car Safety

Safety issues ages (3-5)  Bicycle and Tricycle Safety  Car Seats  Choking  Home Hazards  Medical Emergencies  Outdoor Safety  Sun Safety  Television and Other Screen Time

Choking Hazzards  Large chunks  Small, hard foods  Soft, sticky foods  Peanut butter  Small toys

Prevent safety issues  Stairs should be clutter-free  Carefully watch toddlers on stairs  Teach children to always hold onto handrails and not to play or jump on stairs.  Do not leave a hot cooking area unattended  Store matches, lighters and other flammable materials, such as gasoline, in a safe place

Poison control center # Poisoning procedures   Use child-resistant packaging  Keep medicines and household chemicals locked up out of reach and out of sight from young children.  Keep the poison control center number next to your telephone and call immediately if a poisoning occurs.  Throw away old medications.  Use drawer and door guards where household chemicals are stored.  Never refer to medicine as "candy" or another appealing name.

1 st,2nd, 3 rd aid for burns  1 st degree-Soak the burn in cool water for at least 5 minutes, treat the burn with a skin care product that protects and heals skin (rub aloe), Take an over-the-counter pain reliever  2 nd degree-Soak the burn in cool water for 15 minutes, gently wash the burn and put antibiotic ointment on it then change the dressing everyday  3 rd degree-go to the hospital right away, Don't soak the burn in water or apply any ointment, raise the burned area above the level of the heart

First aid for choking  Get the Child Into Position (Hold the child face down on your forearm, supported by your thigh. Keep the child's torso higher than the head.)  Give Forceful Blows (Use the heel of your free hand to thump the child in between the shoulder blades up to five times.)  Turn the Child Over (Turn the child face up, and keep supporting the head and neck.)  Press the Chest (Place the child on a firm surface, which may still be your forearm, Put two or three fingers in the center of the child's breastbone and push quickly up to five times, Repeat the back thumping and chest pushes until the object comes out or the child loses consciousness, If the child is still not breathing, open the airway by putting your thumb in the child's mouth and grasping the lower incisors or gums. The jaw should lift up so you can look for the object, Do not try to pull the object out unless you see it clearly. You could accidentally push the object deeper in the child's throat.)  Start CPR, If Needed (If the child loses consciousness, perform CPR and take the object out of his mouth only if you can see it. Never do a finger sweep unless you can see the object in the child's mouth.)

First aid for cuts  Wash your hands  Stop the bleeding  Clean the wound.  Apply an antibiotic.  Cover the wound.  Change the dressing everyday  Get stitches for deep wounds  Watch for signs of infection.

First aid for falls fractures/sprains  Stop any bleeding.  Immobilize the injured area  Apply ice packs to limit swelling and help relieve pain until emergency personnel arrive.  Treat for shock (if the person feels faint)

First aid for bruises  Elevate the injured area.  Apply an ice pack wrapped in a towel or a cloth dampened with cold water. Do this for about 10 minutes. Repeat several times a day for a day or two after the injury as needed.  Rest the bruised area, if possible.  Consider acetaminophen

First aid for shock  Call 911  Have the person lie down  Check for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing or movement)  Keep the person warm and comfortable  Turn the person on his or her side to prevent choking  Seek treatment for injuries, such as bleeding or broken bones.

First aid for knocked out tooth  Collect Teeth or Teeth Fragments  rinse tooth gently only if necessary.  Re-Insert or Store Teeth  Rinse mouth with warm water.  Treat Symptoms  Control bleeding with sterile gauze or cloth.  For pain and swelling, Encourage a child to suck on a frozen pop.  For pain, take ibuprofen or acetaminophen.

First aid for lice  Use an anti-lice shampoo available over the counter,Repeat 7-10 days later.  The shampoo may not kill all the nits and eggs. While hair is wet, use a fine-tooth comb to remove the tiny white eggs. Start off with a small section of hair and work your way around the head.  Using a Wet comb is also an alteration for parents who don't want to use an anti-lice shampoo.  A Wet comb takes time. Using a light would help a lot.  Don't use oils or gasoline to remove lice, because they can be dangerous.

First aid for bee stings  Remove the Stinger  Control Swelling  For pain, take an over-the-counter painkiller  might take 2-5 days for the area to heal

Immunizations ages 0-9 years  Diphtheria  Haemophilus Influenzae type b "Hib Disease"  Hepatitis B  Hepatitis A  HPV (Human Papillomavirus)  Pertussis "Whooping Cough"  Pneumococcal Conjugate  Polio  Measles  Meningococcal  Mumps  Rotavirus  Rubella "German Measles"  Tetanus "Lockjaw"  Varicella "Chicken pox"