Chapter 5 Sex and Your Body

Learning Objectives Structure and function of male and female sex organs How sex organs function during sexual activity Sexual health problems Sexual dysfunctions Responsible sexual behavior

POP QUIZ Worksheet #36

Sexuality Biological sex Gender traits and behaviors Sexual anatomy and physiology Sexual functioning and practices Social and sexual interactions

Sexual Anatomy: Gonads Reproductive organs that produce germ cells and sex hormones Ovaries – Egg (ovum) Testes – Sperm Worksheet #35

Female External Reproductive Organs (Genitalia) – Vulva

Female Internal Genitalia

Male External Genitalia

Male Internal Genitalia

Sex Hormones Androgens – primarily male hormones Steroids promote masculinization in males and females Adrenal glands Testosterone promotes masculinization in males and females; regulates other sexual functions in women Males: Testes, adrenal glands Females: Ovaries, adrenal glands Primarily female hormones – Female secondary sex characteristics, menstrual cycle, gestation, and sexual functioning in men Estrogen Ovaries, Adrenal glands, Testes Progesterone “For Pregnancy” Corpus luteum, Adrenal glands, Placenta Prog. Produced by corpus luteum for about first 6 months of pregnancy by when the placenta has taken over.

Sex Hormone Determines Gender 23rd Pair of Chromosomes XY = Male Testosterone XX = Female No Testosterone XY XX

Homologous Reproductive Organs Penis Scrotum Testis Clitoris Labia majora Ovary

Sexual Functioning: Stimulus – Response Cycle (Fig. 5-4, p. 134) Physical Stimulus Psychological Stimulus Stages of Sexual Response Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution

Sexual Response Terms Vasocongestion Myotonia Refractory period Accumulation or engorgement of blood Myotonia Increased muscle tension Rhythmic muscular contractions Refractory period Men: have a refractory period Cannot immediately be re-stimulated to orgasm Women: no refractory period

Sexual Response Cycle

Common Sexual Health Problems (p. 135) Physical (biological) conditions Vaginitis (including yeast infection) Endometriosis Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Prostatitis Testicular cancer 50-75% of PID cases are caused by a STI organism associated with diseases like gonnorhea and chlamydia. Infection of upper reproductive tract.

Common Sexual Dysfunctions (p. 135) Disturbances in sexual desire, performance, or satisfaction that have physical and/or psychological origins Vaginismus Orgasmic dysfunction Erectile dysfunction (impotence) Premature ejaculation Retarded ejaculation

Sexual Dysfunction is Common Results from a national survey of people aged 18 to 59 years reported in the February 10, 1999, issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association indicate that sexual dysfunction was common among women (43 percent) and men (31 percent).

Prevalence of Sexual Problems

Development of Sexual Behavior Gender roles – your everyday behavior and attitudes based on your sex Gender identity – your inner sense of being male or female Cultural differences – culturally expected or appropriate Portrayal of sex in the media Childhood and adolescence Adult sexual experiences Disability or illness Sexual orientation Combination of biological, psychological, and social factors

Varieties of Sexual Behavior Celibacy, or abstinence Masturbation Touching Oral-genital stimulation Cunnilingus Fellatio Anal intercourse Vaginal intercourse

Ask yourself the following: Is this sexual behavior healthy and fulfilling for me and/or my partner? Is it safe? Does it lead to the exploitation of the other? Does it take place between responsible, consenting adults? Pluralistic society carries over into our sexual practices. Instead of generalizations about what is normal and abnormal, ask these questions to explore your feelings about what is normal for you.

Responsible Sexual Behavior Making choices about your sexual behavior directly affects you and another person Communication Agreed-upon activity Sexual privacy Contraception use Safer sex Sober sex Be responsible for consequences

On your own… Worksheet #38 Tips for Today, p. 147