Mexico Chapter 10 sec.1

Monument to the Race - Mexico City

Mexico before Cortez ◊Many Great Indian Cultures ◊Maya ◊Toltecs ◊Olmec ◊Aztecs ◊Teotihuacanos ◊Many Great Indian Cultures ◊Maya ◊Toltecs ◊Olmec ◊Aztecs ◊Teotihuacanos

Mayans ◊Empire was in Southern Mexico - Chiapas, Yucatan Peninsula ◊Empire disintegrated for unknown reasons

Teotihuacanos ◊Were before Aztecs or Mayas ◊Lived in vicinity of present day Mexico City ◊Largest pyramids in Mexico. ◊Were before Aztecs or Mayas ◊Lived in vicinity of present day Mexico City ◊Largest pyramids in Mexico.

Toltecs ◊Group of Indians near Mexico City ◊Were conquered by Aztecs

Aztecs ◊Came to Mexico City in 1325 ◊Created the city of Tenochtitlan on the top of a lake ◊Were conquered by Cortes in 1521 ◊Practiced human sacrifice

Hernan Cortez - Conquerer of Mexico

Cortez in Mexico ◊Landed in VeraCruz in 1519 ◊Made his way to Tenochtitlan ◊Met Moctezuma, leader of Aztecs

Cortez in Tenochtitlan ◊Cortes arrived in Tenochtitlan with over 500 Spaniards and thousands of Indians allies. ◊Moctezuma gave him gold ◊Cortes imprisoned Moctezuma ◊Cortes & Spaniards ran out of Tenochtitlan by Aztecs, Moctezuma killed ◊Cortes arrived in Tenochtitlan with over 500 Spaniards and thousands of Indians allies. ◊Moctezuma gave him gold ◊Cortes imprisoned Moctezuma ◊Cortes & Spaniards ran out of Tenochtitlan by Aztecs, Moctezuma killed

Cortes in Mexico ◊Returned to Tenochtitlan with more Spaniards and thousands more Indians ◊Defeated Aztecs and tortured the last Aztec emperor, Cuahtemoc, to death ◊Destroyed Tenochtitlan and built Mexico City over the top of it. ◊Returned to Tenochtitlan with more Spaniards and thousands more Indians ◊Defeated Aztecs and tortured the last Aztec emperor, Cuahtemoc, to death ◊Destroyed Tenochtitlan and built Mexico City over the top of it.

Spanish over Indians ◊Why? ◊Superior weapons ◊Aztecs mistreated other Indians, who joined with Cortez (Sacrifices) ◊Horses ◊Germs ◊Why? ◊Superior weapons ◊Aztecs mistreated other Indians, who joined with Cortez (Sacrifices) ◊Horses ◊Germs

Malinche ◊Cortez translator and girlfriend ◊Together, they had the first Mestizo ◊Today 85% of Mexicans are Mestizos ◊10% Indian ◊5% white

Mestizos

Notequiz ◊1. Who was Cortez’s girlfriend? ◊2. Who was the last Aztec emperor? ◊3. Ethnically, what are the majority of Mexicans today? ◊4. What are two reasons the Spanish defeated the Aztecs? ◊5. What was the name of the Aztec capital? ◊6. Where did Cortez build Mexico City? ◊7. In what part of Mexico were the Mayans? ◊8. Who was the Aztec emperor who was stoned to death? ◊1. Who was Cortez’s girlfriend? ◊2. Who was the last Aztec emperor? ◊3. Ethnically, what are the majority of Mexicans today? ◊4. What are two reasons the Spanish defeated the Aztecs? ◊5. What was the name of the Aztec capital? ◊6. Where did Cortez build Mexico City? ◊7. In what part of Mexico were the Mayans? ◊8. Who was the Aztec emperor who was stoned to death?