INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT L ECTURE 2: P LANNING FOR S ECURITY You got to be careful if you don’t know where you’re going, because you might not get there. – Yogi Berra

The Role of Planning Successful organizations utilize planning Planning involves – Employees – Management – Stockholders – Other outside stakeholders – The physical and technological environment – The political and legal environment – The competitive environment

The Role of Planning (cont’d.) Strategic planning includes: – Vision statement – Mission statement – Strategy – Coordinated plans for sub units

Precursors to planning Values Statement Establishes organizational principles Vision Statement What the organization wants to become Mission Statement what the organization does and for whom The values, vision, and mission statements together provide the foundation for planning

Strategic Planning Strategy is the basis for long-term direction Strategic planning guides organizational efforts

Strategic Planning - Discussion Why is it necessary to have a strategic plan in place before creating lower level plans? Are there downsides to this approach?

Planning Levels Strategic goals are translated into tasks Objectives should be SMART Strategic planning then begins a transformation from general to specific objectives

Planning Levels (cont’d.) Strategic Planning Tactical Planning Operational Planning

Planning and the CISO Elements of a strategic plan – Executive summary – Mission statement and vision statement – Organizational profile and history – Strategic issues and core values – Program goals and objectives – Management/operations goals and objectives – Appendices (optional)

Information Security Governance Governance of information security is a strategic planning responsibility – Importance has grown in recent years Information security objectives must be addressed at the highest levels of an organization's management team – To be effective and offer a sustainable approach

Desired Outcomes Strategic alignment Risk management Resource management Performance measurement Value delivery

Implementing Information Security Governance Figure 2-6 General Governance Framework Source: IDEAL is a service mark of Carnegie Mellon University

Implementing Information Security Governance (cont’d.) Figure 2-7 The IDEAL model governance framework Source: IDEAL is a service mark of Carnegie Mellon University

Planning for Information Security Implementation Source: Information Security Governance: A Call to Action

Planning For Information Security Implementation (cont’d.) Implementation can begin – After plan has been translated into IT and information security objectives and tactical and operational plans Methods of implementation – Bottom-up – Top-down

Planning For Information Security Implementation (cont’d.) Source: Course Technology/Cengage learning

System Development Life Cycle A methodology for the design/implementation of an information system SecSDLC methodology is similar to SDLC

Identification of specific threats and the risks they represent Design and implementation of specific controls to counter those threats and manage risks posed to the organization Security Systems Development Life Cycle

Phase begins with directive from management specifying the process, outcomes, and goals of the project and its budget Feasibility analysis Determines whether the organization has the resources and commitment to conduct a successful security analysis and design Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Investigation

Prepare analysis of existing security policies and programs, along with known threats and current controls Analyze relevant legal issues that could affect the design of the security solution Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Analysis

Table 2-1 Threats to Information Security Source: Course Technology/Cengage Learning (adapted from Whitman, 2003) SecSDLC Analysis: Threats to Information Security

Vulnerability SecSDLC Analysis: Threats to Information Security Attack Exploit Ex. Java Vulnerability Patch ….and a week laterJava Vulnerabilityweek later

– Malicious code – Hoaxes – Back doors – Password crack – Brute force – Dictionary – Denial-of-service (DoS) and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) – Spoofing – Man-in-the-middle – Spam – Mail bombing – Sniffer – Social engineering – Buffer overflow – Timing SecSDLC Analysis: Common Attacks

What are some ways to understand the enemy when it comes to threats? How do you cover all your bases? What are other categories of threats? SecSDLC Analysis: Threats to Information Security

Prioritize the risk posed by each category of threat Identify and assess the value of your information assets – Assign a comparative risk rating or score to each specific information asset SecSDLC Analysis: Risk Management

Design in the SecSDLC – Create and develop a blueprint for security – Examine and implement key policies – Evaluate the technology needed to support the security blueprint – Generate alternative solutions – Agree upon a final design Security models may be used to guide the design process Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

A critical design element of the information security program is the information security policy Management must define the types of security policy Integral part of design: SETA program – Consists of: Security education, security training, and security awareness – Purpose: enhance security Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

Design controls and safeguards – Used to protect information from attacks by threats Design controls and safeguards (Categories): 1. Managerial controls 2. Operational controls 3. Technical controls Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

Contingency planning (Chapter 3) – Prepare, react and recover from circumstances that threaten the organization Types of contingency planning – Incident response planning (IRP) – Disaster recovery planning (DRP) – Business continuity planning (BCP) Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

Physical security – Design, implementation, and maintenance of countermeasures that protect the physical resources of an organization Physical resources include – People – Hardware – Supporting information system elements Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Design

Security solutions are acquired, tested, implemented, and tested again Personnel issues are evaluated and specific training and education programs conducted Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Implementation

Information security professionals – Chief information officer (CIO) – Chief information security officer (CISO) – Security managers – Security technicians – Data owners – Data custodians – Data users Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Implementation Professional certifications – CISSP – SSCP – GIAC – Security + – CISM

Once program is implemented, it must be: Operated Properly managed Timely (i.e. up to date using established procedures) If the program is not adjusting adequately to the changes in the internal or external environment, it may be necessary to begin the cycle again Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Maintenance

Aspects of a maintenance model – External monitoring – Internal monitoring – Planning and risk assessment – Vulnerability assessment and remediation – Readiness and review – Vulnerability assessment Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Maintenance

Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Figure 2-11 Maintenance model Source: Course Technology/Cengage learning Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Maintenance

Security program management (Chapter 6) – A formal management standard can provide some insight into the processes and procedures needed – Examples include the BS7799 / ISO17799 / ISO27xxx model or the NIST models described earlier Introduction to the Security Systems Development Life Cycle (cont’d.) Security Systems Development Life Cycle: Maintenance

Summary Information security governance Planning for information security implementation Introduction to the security systems development life cycle

Table 2-1 Threats to Information Security Source: Course Technology/Cengage Learning (adapted from Whitman, 2003) SecSDLC Analysis: Threats to Information Security