Chapter 9 High-Speed Digital Access: DSL, Cable Modem, and SONET.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 9 High-Speed Digital Access: DSL, Cable Modem, and SONET

9.1 DSL Technology ADSL Other DSL Technologies

ADSL is an asymmetric communication technology designed for residential users; it is not suitable for businesses. Note:

The existing local loops can handle bandwidths up to 1.1 MHz. Note:

ADSL is an adaptive technology. The system uses a data rate based on the condition of the local loop line. Note:

Figure 9.1 DMT

Figure 9.2 Bandwidth division Theoratical Upstream Speed=1.44Mbps but actual is less than 1Mbps Theoratical Downstream speed=13.4Mbps but actual is less than 8Mbps

Figure 9.3 ADSL modem

Figure 9.4 DSLAM

SDSL:-Symmetric DSL provides equal speed in both the directions whether upstream or downstream. HDSL:-IT is full duplex and uses two twisted pair cables and provides almost the double the speed of ADSL VDSL:-It uses generally fiber optic cable for data transmission for long distances.it provides 25-55Mbps upstream and 3Mbps downstream.

9.2 Cable Modem Traditional Cable Networks HFC Network Sharing CM and CMTS DOCSIS

Figure 9.5 Traditional cable TV network

Communication in the traditional cable TV network is unidirectional. Note:

Figure 9.6 HFC network

Communication in an HFC cable TV network can be bidirectional. Note:

Figure 9.7 Coaxial cable bands Each channel in the video band requires 6MHz of bandwidth so it can have upto 80 channels.

Downstream data are modulated using the 64-QAM modulation technique. Note:

. The theoretical downstream data rate is 30 Mbps. Note:

Upstream data are modulated using the QPSK modulation technique. Note:

The theoretical upstream data rate is 12 Mbps. Note:

Figure 9.8 Cable modem

Figure 9.9 CMTS

9.3 SONET SONET Devices SONET Frame Frame Transmission Synchronous Transport Signals STS-1 Virtual Tributaries Higher-Rate Service

SONET is a synchronous TDM system controlled by a master clock. Note:

Figure 9.10 A SONET

Figure 9.11 Frame format

Table 9.1 SONET rates STSOCRate (Mbps)SPE (Mbps)User (Mbps) STS-1OC STS-3OC STS-9OC STS-12OC STS-18OC STS-24OC STS-36OC STS-48OC STS-192OC

Figure 9.12 Data rate

Figure 9.13 VT types

Figure 9.14 STS multiplexing