U NIT S IX R EVIEW : U NIT S IX R EVIEW : E CONOMIC D EVELOPMENT (D EVELOPMENT, I NDUSTRY ) 100 Industry 100 Less Developed Regions More Developed Regions 100 Development Strategies ? Development Indicators

L ESS D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 100 Question: People in this region are more likely to live in urban areas than people in other less developed regions. Answer: Latin America Return

L ESS D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 200 Question: Within a few years this region is projected to exceed the United States as the world’s largest economy, although the U.S. economy would still be much larger on a per capita basis. Answer: China Return

L ESS D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 300 Question: The only one of the nine major world regions that enjoys a trade surplus. This region displays a wide gap between it’s most and least developed countries. Answer: Middle East Return

L ESS D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 400 Question: The fundamental problem for many countries in this region is a dramatic imbalance between the number of inhabitants and the capacity of the land to feed the population. It has the least favorable prospect for development and economic conditions have deteriorated in recent years. Answer: Sub-Saharan Africa Return

L ESS D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 500 Question: The world’s leading producer of jute, peanuts, sugarcane, and tea can be found in this region. The region has the world’s second-highest population and second-lowest per capita income. Answer: South Asia Return

I NDUSTRY – 100 Question: Where did the Industrial Revolution originate? Answer: Great Britain (Northern England) Return

I NDUSTRY – 200 Question: What is a bulk-gaining industry, and provide an example? Answer: A bulk-gaining industry makes something that gains volume or weight during production. (cola) Return

I NDUSTRY – 300 Question: What are the three major site factors for location of industry? Answer: Land, labor, and capital Return

I NDUSTRY – 400 Question: What is a break-of-bulk point, and what are the two most important break-of-bulk points? Answer: A break-of-bulk point is a location where transfer among transportation modes is possible. airports and seaports Return

I NDUSTRY – 500 Question: What are the two most important reasons for a transnational corporation locating factories in other countries? Answer: To expand their markets, and to reduce their production costs. (labor) Return

D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES – 100 Question: Name one of the two major lending organizations for less developed countries. Answer: World Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF) Return

D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES – 200 Question: What is the approach where a country spreads investment as equally as possible across all sectors of its economy, and in all regions. Answer: Self-sufficiency Approach Return

D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES – 300 Question: Describe the International Trade approach to development. Answer: A country should identify its distinctive or unique economic assets. A country can develop economically by concentrating scarce resources on expansion of its distinctive local industries. Return

D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES – 400 Question: What are the two major problems with the Self- sufficiency approach to development? Answer: It protects inefficient industries. It creates a large bureaucracy that encourages abuse and corruption. Return

D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES – 500 Question: List two of the three problems with the International Trade approach to development. Answer: Uneven resource distribution Market stagnation Increased dependence on MDCs Return

M ORE D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 100 Question: Was once the world’s major producer, but in the past quarter century Japan, Western Europe, and less developed countries have eroded this region’s dominance. Answer: Anglo-America Return

M ORE D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 200 Question: Because the region’s peripheral areas lag somewhat in development, this region as a whole has a slightly lower development level than Anglo-America. Answer: Western Europe Return

M ORE D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 300 Question: The only region where the HDI has declined significantly since the United Nations created the index in Answer: Eastern Europe Return

M ORE D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 400 Question: With one of the highest physiological densities, this region’s development is especially remarkable because it has an extremely unfavorable ratio of population to resources. Answer: Japan Return

M ORE D EVELOPED R EGIONS – 500 Question: Increasingly, this region’s economies are tied to Japan and other Asian countries. Though the HDI s of it’s two largest countries are comparable to other MDC s, the region’s remaining people are scattered among sparsely inhabited islands that generally are less developed. Answer: The South Pacific Return

D EVELOPMENT I NDICATORS – 100 Question: Why are infant mortality rates much higher in LDC s ? Answer: malnutrition, lack of medicine, or poor medical practices Return

D EVELOPMENT I NDICATORS – 200 Question: What is the problem with having a high natural increase rate (NIR)? Answer: Greater natural increase strains a country’s ability to provide services that can make its people healthier and more productive. Return

D EVELOPMENT I NDICATORS – 300 Question: Compare crude birth rates and crude death rates in MDC s and LDC s. Answer: Crude birth rates are much higher in LDC s but crude death rates are about the same. Return

D EVELOPMENT I NDICATORS – 400 Question: What does this map tell you about the importance of gender and education for development? Answer: Areas were there is gender balance or more girls in school, tend to be more developed. Return

D EVELOPMENT I NDICATORS – 500 Question: Based on the GEM of the darkest red countries, what would one expect of their per capita GDP and why? Answer: The per capita GDP should be high because a high GEM indicates more educated and empowered women which usually contributes to a greater level of economic development. Return

? – 100 Question: The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period. (normally one year) Answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Return

? – 200 Question: Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy. Answer: Human Development Index (HDI) Return

? – 300 Question: What are the three world industrial regions? Answer: North America, Europe, East Asia Return

? – 400 Question: Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade, such as raising taxes, reducing government spending, controlling inflation, selling publicly owned utilities to private corporations, and charging citizens more for services. Answer: Structural Adjustment Programs Return

? – 500 Question: According to the international trade model, each country is in one of five stages of development. Name each of W.W. Rostow’s five stages of development. Answer: 1. The traditional society 2. The preconditions for takeoff 3. The takeoff 4. The drive to maturity 5. The age of mass consumption Return