Anatomy and Physiology I Bones of the Pectoral Girdle And Upper Limb Instructor: Mary Holman

Hyoid Cranium Face Clavicle Scapula Sternum Ribs Humerus Ulna Hip bone Radius Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Skull Vertebral column Carpals Metacarpals (a) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.15a Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton

Axial Skeleton Skull 22 bones – 8 cranial bones – 14 facial bones Middle ear bones6 bones Hyoid1 bone Vertebral Column26 bones – 7 cervical vertebrae – 12 thoracic vertebrae – 5 lumbar vertebrae – 1 sacrum – 1 coccyx Thoracic Cage – 24 ribs 25 bones – 1 sternum Table 7.3 Total = 80 axial bones

Appendicular Skeleton Pectoral Girdle Upper Limbs Pelvic Girdle Lower Limbs Total = 126 appendicular bones

The Pectoral Girdle Composed of 4 parts – 2 scapulae (shoulder blades) – 2 clavicles (collar bones) Does not form a closed ring Supports the upper limbs Attaches some of the muscles that move the upper limbs

Articulation = Joint The junction of two or more bones Proximal = closer to core of body Distal = further from core of body

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Sternum Costal cartilage Rib Scapula Humerus Ulna Radius Clavicle Coracoid process Head of humerus Acromion process Acromial end Sternal end Fig. 7.40a Pectoral Girdle and its Articulations Anterior View Fig 7.15b

Right Clavicle From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 219 Superior View

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Acromion process Coracoid process Spine Glenoid cavity Suprascapular notch Superior border Supraspinous fossa Infraspinous fossa Fig. 7.41a Right Scapula Posterior Surface Inferior angle Posterior View

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Acromion process Coracoid process Spine Glenoid cavity Supra- glenoid tubercle Infra- glenoid tubercle Fig. 7.41b Right Scapula Lateral View Lateral View Anterior Posterior Lateral (axillary) border

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Coracoid process Acromion process Glenoid cavity Lateral (axillary) border Subscapular fossa Medial (vertebral) border Fig. 7.41c Right Scapula Anterior Surface Suprascapular notch Superior border Anterior View

Anatomical Position Skeletal systemMuscular system Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.42a Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges Humerus Ulna Radius Right Arm Anterior Views Palm Anterior Palm Posterior

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Capitulum Coronoid fossa Trochlea Deltoid tuberosity Head Intertubercular groove Lesser tubercle Greater tubercle Anatomical neck Surgical neck Fig. 7.43a Right Humerus Anterior Surface

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Trochlea Head Greater tubercle Olecranon fossa Anatomical neck Surgical neck Fig. 7.43b Right Humerus Posterior Surface MedialLateral

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Styloid process Ulnar notch of radius Styloid process Head of ulna Ulna Radius Radial tuberosity Head of radius Coronoid process Trochlear notch Olecranon process Fig. 7.44a Right Radius and Ulna Anterior view

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Olecranon process Trochlear notch Coronoid process Radial notch Fig. 7.44b Ulna - Proximal End Lateral view

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Olecranon process Head of radius Neck of radius Ulna Olecranon fossa Humerus Fig. 7.42c Right Elbow - Posterior View MedialLateral

Elbow Joint Medial View Proximal End Distal End From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 224

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. (a) Ulna Radius Metacarpals (metacarpus) Carpals (carpus) Fig. 7.45a Right Hand Anterior View (palm up) Base Shaft Head

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Distal phalanx Middle phalanx Proximal phalanx (b) Ulna Radius Fig. 7.45b Carpals - 8 Right Hand Posterior View Phalanges (phalanx)

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Ulna Radius Carpals (8) (carpus) Right Hand Fig. 7.45a Anterior View (palm up) Scaphoid 2.Lunate 3.Triquetrum 4.Pisiform 5.Hamate 6.Capitate 7.Trapezoid 8.Trapezium “So Long Top Part Here Comes The Thumb”

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. © Ed Reschke Fig. 7.45c Radiograph Right Hand Posterior View

Fig. 9.31b Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Biceps brachii Short head Long head Origin: Short head - Coracoid process of scapula Long head - Tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula Insertion: Radial tuberosity and aponeurosis Action: Flexes forearm at elbow and rotates arm laterally

Fig. 9.31a Fig. 9.29a Deltoid Origin: Spine and acromion of scapula, & clavicle Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Abducts, extends and flexes arm. Anterior Posterior