Quantitative research report- UNDP Prepared by March 2009

2 I.Research objectives II.METHODOLOGY III.RESULTS III.1 AWARENESS AND INFORMATION III.2 ATTITUDE TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE III.3 SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT Index

Methodological notes on the report Sample: National representative for the population of 16 years old and above. Casual selection of households and interviewed respondents. Reporting base: 1119 interviews Significance error:  2,9% with a probability of 0,95. Interviews: According to a standardized questionnaire, face to face, at the respondent’s home. The dates were collected in the period th of February Weighting: According to gender, age, region and residence. Validation: The sample was validated according to National Institute of Statistics data.

I. OBJECTIVES

Objectives The knowledge and information level of Romanian citizens regarding the development policy of the European Union. The visibility of the European policy for development in Romania The citizen information level regarding the cooperation policy for development in Romania The knowledge level regarding the Millennium Development Objectives The public visibility level of Romanian initiatives in the domain of development for cooperation Revealing the public attitude towards shift of Romania’s statute from recipient to fund donor Revealing the most adequate messages to promote the new statute of Romania as a international donor

6 III.1 AWARENESS AND INFORMATION

Q 1- How well do you know… Base: 1119 respondents The institutions which are highly known by respondents are the European Union, with a percentage of 99%, followed by Red Cross Organization in Romania – 88%, UNICEF and European Commission. 68% of the respondents have heard of United Nations Development Program (UNDP). On the opposite track, among Global Program for Alimentation, there is Amnesty International, of which 62% of the respondents haven’t heard at all.

Q 2- Do you consider that you are informed about the assistance programs for international development? Base: 1119 respondents About 22% of the respondents consider themselves very or quite well informed about the assistance programs for international development.

Q 3- Please tell me for each of the following countries from which of the 2 categories takes part. Base: 1119 respondents Romania, among countries like the Republic of Moldova and Congo, is considered a country who needs help for development, only 16% of the respondents considering it would be appropriate that Romania to offer help for development.

Q 5- Do you think that the European Union helps the poor nations from Africa, Latin America, Asia, etc. to develop? Base: 1119 respondents 56% of the respondents consider that European Union participates in helping poor nations.

Q 6- In your opinion, how much money was spent by the European Union for development assistance programs? Base: 1119 respondents The majority of the respondents (54%) don’t know to what extent EU participates financially in development assistance programs. 27% of the respondents consider that the EU participates at such kind of programs with an average of 1 to 10 euros per European citizen.

Q 7-In your opinion, which of the following donors offers the biggest financial volume of development assistance for underdeveloped countries? Base: 1119 respondents On the whole, taking into account other international donors also, EU (Member States and the European Commission) is considered to offer the biggest volume of financial assistance.

Q 20- Taking into the account that Romania joined the European Union, what do you think are Romania‘s obligations as a member state? Base: 1119 respondents

Q 21- Since Romania joined the EU at 1 st o f January 2007 have you heard/ seen/ read something about the help that Romania offered to poor countries outside EU? Base: 1119 respondents Less than half of the respondents (39%) have heard/ seen/ read about Romania’s help for underdeveloped countries.

Socio- demographic differences of information level on Romania’s support to underdeveloped countries The socio- demographic description of respondents doesn’t show noteworthy differences, exception making the non- responses distribution. The respondents with lower education revealed to have the smallest information level on projects of Romanian international assistance (13%). 67% of those who stated that they know about Romanian projects of international assistance have incomes below 1750 lei (approximately 430 euros) and 20% of these live in the Southern region of Romania.

Socio- demographic differences of information level on Romania’s support to underdeveloped countries TotalYesNo Don’t know/ No answer SexMasculine48%52%45%52% Feminine52%48%55%48% years16%17% 13% Age years28%29% 19% years40%41%39%38% 65+ years16%13%15%30% Lower education21%13%24%36% EducationMedium education51%55%50%41% Higher education28%32%25%24% Rural44%39%47%43% ResidenceUrban up to inhabitants25% 24%30% Urban over inhabitants22%25%21%13% Bucharest 9%11%8%14% At least + 5 percentage points toward the mean At least - 5 percentage points toward the mean

Socio- demographic differences of information level on Romania’s support to underdeveloped countries TotalYesNo Don’t know/ no answer Under 1000 lei43%34%47%57% lei28%33%25%22% Income lei12%16%10%7% Over 3000 lei4%5%4%1% Don’t know/ no answer14%12%15%13% North –East17%12%22%9% South –East13%14%10%27% South17%21%14%11% South –West11%15%8% RegionWest9%11%9%5% North –West13%9%16%11% Center12%8%14%15% Bucharest9%11%8%14%

18 III.2 ATTITUDE TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

Socio- demographic differences of perception on offering international help Asked at a general level, approximately 95% consider that a more developed country must offer help to poorer countries. There weren’t any striking differences toward the average among those that support the offering of international help; in exchange, in the category of those that showed disapproval there are more women. Also, 34% of the respondents that are against have the age between years old, incomes below 1000 lei and lower education. When asked in a particular way about the offering of international help on the part of Romania, only 59% of respondents still stated that they are totally/ rather agreeing on offering international support and 33% of these asserted that are totally/ rather disapproving this aspect. From those that declared the disagreement, 34% of respondents have higher education.

Q 4- Please tell to what extent do you agree with the following affirmation: „The more developed countries should offer help‘ support to poor countries or underdeveloped countries“? Base: 1119 respondents About 95% of the respondents consider that a well developed country should offer help for poorer countries.

Total Totally agree/ Rather agree Totally disagree/ Rather disagree Don’t know/ no answer SexMasculine48%49%38%37% Feminine52%51%62%63% years16%17%11%8% Age years28% 34%20% years40% 37%15% 65+ years16%15%19%57% Lower education21%20%30%65% EducationMedium education51%52%44%23% Higher education28% 25%13% Rural44%42%62%57% Residence Urban up to inhabitants 25% 19%11% Urban over inhabitants 22%23%11%23% Bucharest 9%10%8%10% Socio- demographic differences of perception in offering international help

Total Totally agree/ Rather agree Totally disagree/ Rather disagree Don’t know/ no answer Under 1000 lei43%42%60%62% lei28%29%13%19% Income lei12% 10%6% Over 3000 lei4% Don’t know/ no answer 14% 13% North –East17% 20%6% South –East13%14%7% South17%16%21%20% South –West11%10%14%30% RegionWest9%10% North –West13% 16% Center12%11%13%27% Bucharest9%10%8%10%

Q 9- In general, to what extent do you agree with the following affirmation : „Romania should offer help to poorer or underdeveloped/ developing countries”? Base: 1119 respondents

Socio- demographic differences of perception in offering Romanian international help Total Totally disagree/ rather disagree Totally agree/ rather agree Don’t know/ no answer SexMasculine48% 50%44% Feminine52% 50%56% years16%17% 14% Age years28% 30%24% years40%41%38%41% 65+ years16%15%16%21% Lower education21%19% 43% EducationMedium education51%54%48%47% Higher education28%27%34%10% Rural44% 40%54% Residence Urban up to inhabitants 25% 27%14% Urban over inhabitants 22%23%22%16% Bucharest 9%8%10%16%

Socio- demographic allocation of the Q9 answer options Total Totally disagree/ rather disagree Totally agree/ rather agree Don’t know/ no answer Under 1000 lei43%41%43%59% lei28%30%25%21% Income lei12%13% 2% Over 3000 lei4%5%3%1% Don’t know/ no answer14%12%16%18% North –East17%16%17%22% South –East13%14%13%11% South17%20%12%14% South –West11%12%10%5% RegionWest9%10%8%3% North –West13%10%17%14% Center12%10%14% Bucharest9%8%10%16%

Q 10- Please tell me for what reason did you gave the previous answer. Romania’s reasons for offering/ not offering international help Open question Base: 1119 respondents The main motivation for offering international help relates around the concept of moral duty; an obstacle for giving such type of support is the perception that Romania is a poor country.

Q 11- To what extent do you agree with the fact that Romania must offer cooperation/ assistance for development of other countries? Q 12- To what extent do you agree or not with the fact that Romania offers humanitarian assistance to other countries? Base: 1119 persoane Comparing the two manners through which Romania can offer international help, we can observe that 87% of respondents were totally/ rather agreeing that Romania offer humanitarian assistance, while only 68% declared their approval toward offering cooperation/ assistance for development.

Q 8- Would you say that the development assistance is more efficient if it is offered by each member state separately or if it is offered through the European Comission? Base: 1119 respondents

Q 13- In your opinion, which of the following would be the best efficient way to offer Romanian help to other countries. Base: 1119 respondents

Q 14- What countries/ regions should Romania help? Base: 1119 respondents

Q 15- Some people consider that a more developed country should offer development support. Which of the following reasons corresponds best to your opinion? Maximum 3 answers Base: 1119 respondents

Socio- demographic differences in the assignation of motivation for international help 54% of the respondents that considered the economic interest as a reason for offering international help on the part of Romania are men. 14% of those that sustained that joining a common behavior can be, also, a motivation for Romania to provide international help, have lower education and are rather from rural areas, while 58% from those that mentioned the economic interest have higher education and half of them have incomes below 1000 lei (approximately 250 euros).

Socio- demographic differences in the assignation of motivation for international help Total Moral dutyMutuality Alignment to a common behavior of other countries Economic interest Creating a secure environment SexMasculine48%47% 49%54%49% Feminine52%53% 51%46%51% years 16%14%16%19% 15% Age years 28%30%29%31%27%32% years 40% 42%38%40%42% 65+ years 16% 13%12%14%11% Lower education 21% 20%14%18%14% EducationMedium education 51%52% 55%24%46% Higher education 28%27%28%31%58%40% Rural 44%45%48%43%46%38% Residence Urban up to inhabitants 25%26%22%26%24%28% Urban over inhabitants 22%19%21%24%25%31% Bucharest 9%10%9%7%5%3%

Total Moral duty Mutuality Alignment to a common behavior of other countries Economic interest Creating a secure environment Under 1000 lei 43%42% 39%49%39% lei 28%29% 33%21%32% Income lei 12%13%11%12% 15% Over 3000 lei 4% 7%5% Don’t know/ No answer 14%12%14%12%11%9% North –East17%16%15%17%10%21% South –East13%14%16% 15% South17% 18%12%20%19% South –West11%9%11%16%14%11% RegionWest9%12%9%10%11%7% North –West13%12%14%15%13% Center12%10%8%7%12%11% Bucharest9%10%9%7%5%3% Socio- demographic differences in in the assignation of motivation for international help

Q 18- From your point of view, which of the following fields should be the most important priority for Romanian assistance funds for development? Base: 1119 respondents

Socio- demographic differences in the hierarchy of development sectors The main 3 sectors for development for Romania should be: decrease of poverty and famine (38%), promotion of economic growth (28%) and building of infrastructures (15%). 54% of those that mentioned decrease of poverty and famine were women and 55% of those that mentioned building of infrastructures were men. The economic growth was sustained rather by those with higher education, between years old, rather from Bucharest and not necessary from rural areas, having not necessary low incomes but rather in the interval lei. The segment health and education is considered important rather by those with lower education, habitants of cities having below habitants, having incomes between lei.

Total Decrease of poverty and famine Promotion of economic growth Building of infrastructures (roads, schools, hospitals, etc.) Education and health SexMasculine48%46%47%55%51% Feminine52%54%53%45%49% years16%15% 19%17% Age years28%24%35%31%26% years40%41%38% 43% 65+ years16%19%12% 14% Lower education21%27%13%17%25% EducationMedium education51%52%49%48%51% Higher education28%21%38%34%24% Rural44%50%39%43%41% Residence Urban up to inhabitants 25%24%27%18%35% Urban over inhabitants 22%19%21%29%19% Bucharest 9%8%12%10%6% Socio- demographic differences in the hierarchy of development sectors

Total Decrease of poverty and famine Promotion of economic growth Building of infrastructures (roads, schools, hospitals, etc.) Education and health Under 1000 lei 43%50%32%40%42% lei 28%25%31%28%35% Income lei 12%9%17%14%8% Over 3000 lei 4%3%4%6%3% Don’t know/ No answer 14% 16%11%13% North –East17% 20%16%18% South –East13%18%12%6%11% South17%15%17%21%25% South –West11%8%11%14%12% RegionWest9%11%6%9%8% North –West13%11%14%16%7% Center12% 9% 13% Bucharest9%8%12%10%6% Socio- demographic differences in the hierarchy of development sectors

Q 16- Which of the following types of institutions do you think has the best capacity to realize assistance projects for international development? Base: 1119 respondents

Socio- demographic distribution regarding the capacity of organizations to realize international assistance projects 38% of respondents stated that the international organizations (UNICEF, red Cross, etc.) have the best capacity to develop international assistance projects, followed by 22% of respondents who consider that this can be done by European institutions. The public institutions from Romania gathered 11 % from respondents options. The International organizations were mentioned rather by those from the age split of years old, from Bucharest and cities with more than habitants. The European institutions were considered as having the highest capacity of developing international assistance projects by those from urban areas, with higher education, from the North- Eastern region of the country. The public institutions from Romania were mentioned rather by those having more than 65 years old (22%), with lower education (22%), from rural areas (25%).

Socio- demographic distribution regarding the capacity of organizations to realize international assistance projects Total International organizations European Institutions NGO’s Public Institutions in Romania SexMasculine 48%46%53%52% Feminine 52%54%47%48% years 16%21%13%18%10% Age years 28%29%30%33%27% years 40%39%41% 42% 65+ years 16%12%16%9%22% Lower education 21%17%16%12%25% EducationMedium education 51%57%48%52%46% Higher education 28%26%35%36%28% Rural 44%37%43%45%50% Residence Urban up to Inhabitants 25%26%27%24%25% Urban over inhabitants 22%25% 24%15% Bucharest 9%12%5%6%10%

Socio- demographic distribution regarding the capacity of organizations to realize international assistance projects Total International organizations European Institutions NGO’s Public Institutions in Romania Under 1000 lei 43%40%42%35%40% lei 28%27%31%35%25% Income lei 12%13% 14%11% Over 3000 lei 4%3%6%4%9% Don’t know/ No answer 14%17%8%12%15% North –East17%14%24%14%9% South –East13%15%10%13%17% South17%20%19%9%17% South –West11%8%12%13%14% RegionWest9%7%6%23%11% North –West13%12% 16% Center12%13%12%5%8% Bucharest9%12%5%6%10%

Q 22- From who/ what institution do you consider it would be most appropriate to be informed about these development programs? Base: 1119 respondents

44 III.3 SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT

Q 17- Please tell me how often have you made/ participated at each of the following activities in the last 12 months. Base: 1119 respondents 51% of respondents mentioned that they have made goods donations for victims of disasters in the last 12 months and 49% of respondents made also money donations.

Q 19- Referring to the previous presented priorities, please tell me would you be willing to... Base: 1119 respondents 69% of respondents are willing to participate in the next 12 months in a voluntary activity.

Contacte Andrei Musetescu, Managing Director George Popescu, Development Director Silviu Matei, Research Director Gabriela Cioata, Research Executive TNS CSOP – Informaţii de contact Adresa: Crisana nr. 9,Tel / Fax : Web: