Much World War I Gary, James, Danielle, Anthony, Isabella, Josh, Lauren, Austin

Basic Information - Began on July 28th, Ended on November 11th, Known as the First World War and as The Great War - War between the Allied and the Central Power - Allies: Great Britain, France, Russia, U.S. (who joined later in the war) - Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey

Causes of the War Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a member of a serbian nationalist group called the Black Hand. Central Europe had conflicts and hostility between the great European powers of the four decades leading into the war Major contributions to the war was militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism

Trench Warfare - Soldiers of both sides of the war would dig trenches to fight in. - The conditions were damp and dirty. - Soldiers suffered from various diseases; one of which was trench foot. - Trenches prevent any major advances. - Both sides would straffe any enemies that would try to invade opposing trenches through the “No Man’s Land.” - “No man’s land” consisted of the open area between trenches, along with things like barbed wire, land mines and assault tanks - Artillery was fired at opposing enemy lines from far away. - This along with many other brand new technologies were brought about by the war. Much woebegone^

The Homefront -The government were unwilling to give money to other countries so they decided to increase taxes to raise $9 billion - The purchase of “Liberty Bonds” helped to raise another $15 billion - Altering bicycle designs helped the war effort save 2,000 tons of steel for war goods - War gardens were also created by children and women to provide extra fruits and vegetables for the soldiers

Soldiers They had to endure rat infestations in the trenches with brown rat most feared as they disfigured human remains by feeding on their eyes and liver. There was lice breeding in their dirty clothes wh- ich causes Trench Fever. Also, because of the poor sanitation in the trenches many soldiers got Foot Trench,which is a fungal infection of the feet.

Important Dates - June Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand wife - July 28, 1914 Austria Hungary officially declared war on Serbia - July World War I break out! - May 7, German U-Boat sinks British merchant fleet: the Lusitania - Over 100 Americans on the ship were killed - February 21, Longest/Bloodiest battle of WWI - The Battle of Verdun - July 1, Tanks introduced in the Battle of Somme - January 19, Zimmerman telegram - April 6, U.S. joins the war on the Allied side. - November 7, Russian government overthrown - November 11, armistice signed at 11 AM - June 18, Treaty of Versailles officially ends war

Literature Influenced by WWI/Post-War - Modernism was influenced by the outcome of the war - Many modernist writers, like Ernest Hemingway, fought in the war, and were greatly influenced by the severity and shock left on them - This is what actually influenced the modernist writings

Interesting Facts - Germans were first to use the flamethrower in combat. The flames spread as long as 130 feet. - The French had what German soldiers called the Devil Gun. At 75 mm, this cannon was accurate up to 4 miles. The French military commanders claimed that its Devil Gun won the war. - Germans were the first to use flamethrowers -More than 60 million men from 30 countries were in the war -There were over 35 million soldier and civilian casualties -Nearly 2 out of 3 deaths that occurred during the war happened in battle WWI led to the U.S. to become the largest military power

Turning Point Of Weapons World War I introduced new weapons to the battlefield. The machine gun had the fire-power of 100 guns, but it took four to six men to operate it. They also introduced lethal gas to the playing field. Two types of gas were used, chlorine being the first. Chlorine gas causes a burning sensation in the throat and chest pains, causing death. The second and more deadly is mustard gas. It was colorless and the effects included blistering skin, vomiting, sore eyes, internal and external bleeding. Death from mustard gas could take up to five weeks.