Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Mars 2020 Project Planetary Protection Topics for Landing Site Selection Doug Bernard Mars.

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Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Mars 2020 Project Planetary Protection Topics for Landing Site Selection Doug Bernard Mars 2020 Project System Engineer August 4, 2015

M2020 Level 2 PP Requirements 8/4/ #TitleStatementApplicability L2-PP- 15 Naturally Occurring Special Regions The M2020 Project 3-sigma landing ellipse shall avoid all formally defined naturally occurring special regions as well as any region where ice has been observed or is credibly predicted within 5 m of the surface. Site selection landing ellipse constraint L2-PP- 17 Special Region Avoidance after Landing The M2020 surface operations shall not access formally defined naturally occurring special regions or any region where ice has been observed or is credibly predicted within 5 m of the surface through post-landing mobility. Post-landing operations constraint, excludes driving to region of interest in special region L2-PP- 16 (in work) Anomalous landing, hydrated minerals, and Induced Special Regions [The M2020 Project shall analyze the probability, extent, and lifetime of induced special regions created by anomalous landing events bringing RTG components in contact with hydrated minerals within the 3-sigma landing ellipse to assure that they would not mobilize a 50 nm particle to a subsurface special region, induced or natural.] Program/Project-level analysis expected to apply to all landing sites. Not to be used as a discriminator for downselecting at this workshop.

Recurring Slope Lineae: Uncertain Regions – to be treated as Special Regions 8/4/20153 From Rummel, J. D., et al., “A New Analysis of Mars “Special Regions”: Findings of the Second MEPAG Special Regions Science Analysis Group (SR-SAG2), Astrobiology, Volume 14, Number 11, November The publisher for this copyrighted material is Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers Global Map of fully and partially confirmed RSL sites documented by end of Simple Cylindrical Map Projection

Preliminary Map of Features of Relevance to Interpreting Special Regions on Mars 8/4/ From Rummel, J. D., et al., “A New Analysis of Mars “Special Regions”: Findings of the Second MEPAG Special Regions Science Analysis Group (SR-SAG2), Astrobiology, Volume 14, Number 11, November The publisher for this copyrighted material is Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers SR-SAG2 April 30, 2014 Indicates location of one of the top 9 ranked sites from the 2014 LSW (oversized circle for visibility)

Sites between the blue lines clearly meet the “no ice within 5 m of the surface” requirement Sites between the blue and red lines may be acceptable, but must be evaluated on a case by case basis Small yellow dots show potential special regions that need to be avoided based on current knowledge, see purple diamonds on RSL figure for better view of these. The potential to create or access special regions after an off-nominal impact of the RTG into hydrated minerals is still under investigation. Note all current top 9 sites appear to avoid currently known or suspected special regions –In future years, the remaining top landing sites will be examined carefully to assure compliance Discussion