Cell Theory & Cell History Animal Cells Plant Cells Passive Transport Active Transport

This English scientist coined the term “cell” in 1663 after looking at cork under a microscope.

Robert Hooke

Known as the “Father of Microscopy” this scientist was the first to view microorganisms. He coined the term “animalcules.”

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Fill in the blanks: _________ is credited with determining all plants are composed of cells, and ___________ is credited with determining all animals are composed of cells.

Schleiden – Plants **Schleiden off the leaves Schwann – Animals **Think swan = animal

In 1858, this German pathologist determined every cell originates from another existing cell like it.

Rudolf Virchow

What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?

1.All living things are composed of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. 3. All cells are produced from other cells.

This type of cell membrane surrounds an animal cell.

Selectively Permeable

The slightly coiled DNA found inside of the nucleus.

Chromatin

These organelles are known as the Power Houses of the cell since they are involved in the energy making process and are found in greatest numbers in cells that need much energy.

Mitochondria

These small, round, organelles are known as the “recyclers” of the cell.

Lysosomes

This organelle within the nucleus produces the organelle that make proteins. Name both organelles.

Nucleolus is inside of the nucleus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes. Ribosomes make proteins.

This is the jelly-like interior of cells.

cytoplasm

Name the organelle where photosynthesis takes place.

chloroplasts

This rigid, abiotic layer made of cellulose acts as the outermost layer of plant cells.

cell wall

This organelle is the final packaging site of materials inside the cell. **comparable to UPS**

Golgi bodies (or Golgi apparatus)

Animal cells have many of these “storage” organelles. Plant cells only have 1 large one.

Vacuole

True or False: Passive transport requires energy.

False!

In diffusion, molecules move from an area of _________ concentration to an area of _________ concentration.

higher concentration to lower concentration

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

osmosis

With osmosis, water will always flow toward this type of environment.

Answer: Hypertonic Daily Double Egg AEgg B Environment Inside the Cell Fill in the chart below for 500 extra points! hypertonic hypotonic

Plant cells like this type of environment because water fills the large central vacuole preventing the plant from wilting.

hypotonic

True or False: Active transport requires the use of energy.

True!

Fill in the blanks: In Active Transport, materials move from an area of _______concentration to an area of _______ concentration

lower concentration to higher concentration

Which form of active transport is performed by Protists such as Amoebas and Paramecia?

Transport by Engulfing

This form of active transport allows your nerves to transmit signals to your brain.

Transport Proteins

Why do cells need active transport?

1. cells may need a lot of a particular material 2. cells may be trying to get rid of a particular material