T HE 1.7 K ILOGRAM M ICROCHIP Authors: Eric D. Williams, Robert U. Ayres, and Miriam Heller Published by the American Chemical Society Presented by Drew McLean

L IFE C YCLE A SSESSMENT LCA is a technique used to assess the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service. This is done by: Compiling an inventory of relevant energy and material inputs and environmental releases Evaluating the potential environmental impacts associated with identified inputs and releases Interpreting the results to help you make a more informed decision

S USTAINABILITY I SSUE F INDINGS 1. Chemical Consumption Environmental impacts on air, water, and ground systems Nearly all chemicals used in semiconductor processing do not end up on the final product Chemical use: 9-610g per cm 2 of silicon wafer Emissions: g per cm 2 of silicon wafer

S USTAINABILITY I SSUE F INDINGS ( CONT ’ D ) 2. Energy Consumption: Electricity & Fossil Fuel International Semiconductor reports that: 50%: Cleanroom Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning 30-40%: Wafer processing tools 285kWh of electricity required to fabricate one 150mm wafer. JEIDA report 83% of total energy consumption is electricity. The remaining 17% being a mix of heavy oil, gas and kerosene.

S USTAINABILITY I SSUE F INDINGS ( CONT ’ D ) 3. Water Consumption High purity water required during the semiconductor manufacturing process. Water is purified on site to remove bacteria, organics, dissolved minerals etc. Typical 6inch wafer processing 40,000 wafers per month consumes 2-3 millions of gallons per day

E XAMPLE : 32MB DRAM M ICROCHIP Package / Die Size: 1.0cm x 2.7cm / 1.2cm 2 Weight: 2.0g Material and Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuel Input: 1200g Fossil Fuel Input while in use: 440g Chemicals: 72g

W HAT ARE THE CONCERNS FROM A SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVE ? There is a limited amount of publicly available literature relevant to materials analysis of the semiconductor industry There are huge environmental impacts on the environment due to the high amounts resources being used

A NY Q UESTIONS ?