Naming Inorganic Compounds AP Chemistry

We will focus on:  Ions –Cations  Single and polyatomic –Anions –Single –Polyatomic –Oxyanions –Anions derived by adding H +

Cations  Cations are the +  We name monoatomic ions as follows: –Keep name and add the word -ion –Two systems Fe 2+ iron (II) ion Fe 3+ iron (III) ion Also called Fe 2+ ferrous ion Fe 3+ ferric ion Cu + copper (I) ion Cu 2+ copper (II) ion Also calledCu + cuprous ion Cu 2+ cupric ion

Polyatomic cations  Ammonium ion  Hydronium ion

Anions  Anions are –  Name as follows: –chop off ending and add –ide –For example:  Hydride ion  Oxide ion  Nitride ion  Some polyatomics: OH - CN-O 2 2-

Polyatomic anions containing oxygen  These are called oxyanions –They are named by # of oxygen atoms –For example: NO 3 - nitrate NO 2 - nitrite SO 4 2- Sulfate SO 3 2- Sulfite -ate ending goes to the ion is series with more oxygen -ite goes to the lower ion in series

 Prefixes used when there is up to 4 in series  For example:  ClO 4 - perchlorate ion  ClO 3 - chlorate ion  ClO 2 - chlorite ion  ClO - hypochlorite ion Polyatomic anions containing oxygen cont..

Anions w/ H +  Carbonate ionhydrogen carbonate  Phosphate iondihydrogen phosphate CO 3 2- HCO 3 - PO 3 3- H 2 CO 3 - Older method added mono and bi..such as sodium bicarbonate NaHCO 3

Ionic Compounds  Just put them together!  Cation + Anion equals name  For example: –Barium bromide –Aluminum nitrate –Copper (II) perchlorate –Sodium permanganate

Name / write formulas for the following  Sodium nitrite  Hydrogen peroxide  K 2 Cr 2 O 7  Calcium hypochlorite  Strontium Sulfite

Names of acids  Two ways of naming: –Acids based on anions that end in –ide –Acids based on anions that end in –ate or -ite Cl - Chloride ionHCl hydrochloric acid S 2- sulfide ionH 2 Shydrosulfuric acid ClO 4 - perchlorate ionHClO 4 perchloric acid ClO 4 - perchlorate ionHClO 4 perchloric acid ClO 3 - chlorate ionHClO 3 chloric acid ClO 3 - chlorate ionHClO 3 chloric acid ClO 2 - chlorite ionHClO 2 chlorous acid ClO 2 - chlorite ionHClO 2 chlorous acid ClO - hypochlorite ionHClOhypochlorous acid ClO - hypochlorite ionHClOhypochlorous acid

Naming Compounds Flashcard Activity  Write the following cations and anions on flashcards and practice combining then together to make compounds

Monoatomin Cations

Polyatomic Anions  Write the polyatomic ions on index cards and the name on the reverse side

Name the following –C 2 H –CO 3 2- –SO 4 2- –ClO 3 - –ClO 2 - –ClO -

Write formulas for the following –nitrate –nitrite –perchlorate –phosphate Sulfide Fluorine Bromide Iodide Chloride

Acids  Make an H + card  Use the following to make acids –acetate, C 2 H –carbonate, CO 3 2- –sulfate, SO 4 2- –chlorate, ClO 3 - –chlorite, ClO 2 - –hypochlorite, ClO - –nitrate, NO 3 - –nitrite, NO 2 - –perchlorate, ClO 4 - – phosphate, PO 4 3- SulfideS 2- FluorineF - BromideBr - IodideI - ChlorideCl -

Name these acids  HCN  HNO 3  H 2 SO 4  H 2 SO 3  Hydrobromic AcidHBr  Hydrocarbonic AcidH 2 CO 3 Hydrocyanic acid Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Sulfurous acid

Covalent compounds  Nonmetal + nonmetal  Sharing of electrons!  Element w/ lower electronegativity is first One – monosix - hexa Two – diseven - hepta Three – trieight - octa Four – tetranine - nona Five – pentaten - deca

Covalent Compounds  Name the following –N 2 O 5 –CCl 4 –S 3 N 2