Nebula: gas and dust containing all the elements and minerals that made our planet Most Astounding Fact Neil DeGrass Tyson

Unit 4 Minerals Minerals: What are They? Their Composition and Formation

Minerals are essential: they’re every manufactured product They’re essential to good health (vitamins and minerals) Knowledge of minerals enables us to understand earth’s processes What is the first question the game asks?????

MI-1 Performance Tasks 1.Determine if a substance is a mineral using the 5 characteristics of a mineral. 2. List the elements that make-up most of the Earth’s crust. 3. Describe 3 processes that form minerals.

Minerals and YOU video 10 things made of minerals in your daily life List 10 minerals

Earth: open or closed system? All the water, air, and materials we have is all we will have. Despite losing H atoms out into space or a stray meteorite coming in, Earth is essentially a CLOSED planet.

What is a mineral? Pg. 96 List the five characteristics that make a substance a mineral: _____________________ Occurs naturally Solid Definite chemical formula Orderly (crystal) arrangement of atoms Inorganic (never alive)

Periodic table of the Elements What is the #1 most abundant element in the Earth’s crust?

Top 8 elements in the Earth’s crust: (page 96.) List them …. #1_______________________ #2 _______________________ #3 _______________________ #4 _______________________ #5 _______________________ #6 _______________________ #7 _______________________ #8 _______________________ Oxygen (gas) 46.6% Silicon(metalloid) 27.7% Aluminum (metal) 8.1% Iron (metal)5.0% Calcium(Alkalai metal) Sodium(Alkalai metal) Potassium(Alkalai metal) Magnesium(alkalai metal)

Composition of continental crust Figure 2.16

?????? How can it be that… OXYGEN (a gas) and SILICON (a metalloid) are the #1 and #2 most abundant elements in the earth’s crust? *(hint: see page 100 in your text book)

????? Most minerals are … a)Compounds? b)Elements? c)Mixtures? Give examples: Salt (NaCl) calcite (CaCO 3) Sand (SO 2)

?????? Native minerals are composed of just one, single element. List three examples: 1. ____________________ 2. ____________________ 3._____________________ Gold Copper Diamond * * Is diamond an element on the Periodic Table??

The Rock So… what is a ROCK by definition? A group of one or more minerals bound together in varying quantities #44 granite How many different color are in granite? erals+and+you+movie&FORM=VIRE5#vie w=detail&mid=48F27A2510D232EF F27A2510D232EF2718

Except….. Limestone #58, which is made of only ONE mineral: # 3 calcite.

Mineral or Not??? 1.Ruby 2.Mercury 3.Concrete 4.Salt 5.Cubic zirconia 6.Sugar 7.Pearl

So, is it a Mineral or Not??? 1.Ruby 2.Mercury 3.Concrete 4.Salt 5.Cubic zirconia 6.Sugar 7.Ice 8.Pearl YES NO, liquid No, man-made YES NO, synthetic NO, organic YES Mineraloid, no crystalline structure

Toothpaste Lab What minerals are used in toothpaste? Why are the minerals used?

Mineral Box Activities Part I: Choose 5 ways to organize minerals into different groups… Part II: Write down the mineral number that 1. makes glass ____ 2. Smells like rotten eggs ____ 3. Fools gold ____ 4. Is magnetic ____ 5. Is used in face powder ____ 6. Used in pencils ____ 7. Tastes salty? ____ 8. Is heavy like lead? _____ 9. Dried blood-red color? ____ 10. Peels into thin sheets? ____ #7 quartz #31sulfur #22pyrite #13magnetite #1 talc graphite #18halite #11 galena hematite #23/24 mica

At the lab tables, decide upon 5 ways to group minerals with your partner (one partner should help research, while the other records these activities on paper. Switch partners after each activity! Use the white board to share this with your peers! How would you group minerals?