Chapter 9 THE AGE OF REFORM The American Nation In the Modern Era 4/24/2017 Chapter 9 THE AGE OF REFORM Section 1: The Progressive Movement Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order Section 3: Reforming Society CHAPTER 9--THE AGE OF REFORM

Objectives: Section 1: The Progressive Movement What were the backgrounds of social reform leaders? What issues concerned progressives? What issues did muckrakers address? How did progressive writers and thinkers view American society?

Backgrounds of social reform leaders Section 1: The Progressive Movement Backgrounds of social reform leaders ______________born middle or ______________ class ______________ urban ______________ educated

Progressive issues Section 1: The Progressive Movement reform of ______________ practices end to ______________ labor ______________ of ______________ system social ______________

Muckraker’s issues Section 1: The Progressive Movement ______________ corruption ______________ in ______________ politics social ______________ such as ______________ and child labor ______________

Progressive views Section 1: The Progressive Movement ______________ society ______________ the weak. ______________ should use its ______________ to promote ______________ welfare. Private ______________ bear a social ______________.

Objectives: Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order What workplace problems did progressives target? What were the results of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire? What rulings did the Supreme Court make on labor laws? What were the successes and failures of unions in the early 1900s?

Workplace problems Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order child _______________ low _______________ for women long _______________ hours _______________ working conditions no _______________ wage

Results of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order Results of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire _______________ outrage _______________ of strict fire-safety _______________ by New York _______________

Supreme Court rulings on labor laws Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order In Lochner v. New York, the Court overturned a law limiting work to _______________ hours a day, stating that workers should be free to accept any working conditions. In Muller v. Oregon, the Court upheld a law limiting _______________ to a _______________ workday, claiming that women’s physical structure justified special legislation. In general, the Court sided with _______________ owners and overturned much early social _______________.

Successes and failures of unions Section 2: Reforming the New Industrial Order Successes and failures of unions _______________ membership got wage _______________ and shorter _______________ in some companies got aid from _______________ organizations _______________ women and _______________(IWW) excluded _______________ workers and sometimes promoted _______________(AFL) did not get _______________ status (ILGWU) failed to end _______________ and faded from power (IWW)

Objectives: Section 3: Reforming Society How did reformers try to improved life in U.S. cities? How did reformers hope to improve moral standards? How did African Americans and American Indians organize to improve their lives? Why were immigrants left out of some progressive reforms, and how did they contribute to other reforms?

Reformers attempts to improve urban life Section 3: Reforming Society Reformers attempts to improve urban life _______________ rid cities of _______________ wanted to _______________ better _______________ desired _______________ public _______________ wanted _______________ public health worked to build _______________ wanted to _______________ city _______________ and redesign

Daniel Burnham City _______________ from _______________ Had a partner named John _______________ Root Pictured below.

City Beautiful Movement _______________ helped plan many cities. _______________ being his _______________ focus _______________, Capital City of the Phili _______________ ppines Detroit San _______________ _______________ others

Play Grounds Became Important _______________ this time people became concerned with the _______________ youth. This is a _______________ ground from _______________ County Chicago.

Moral improvements desired by reformers Section 3: Reforming Society Moral improvements desired by reformers _____________against alcohol _____________ censorship

Women’s Christian Temperance Union The _____________ was critical for pushing for _____________ at the _____________ level. Supported the 18th _____________.

Ground Breaking This is one of the first times that _____________ really _____________ and achieved _____________. It was such a _____________ Front, that congress had real _____________ put on them.

American Indians Section 3: Reforming Society _____________ the Society of _____________ Indians to address problems and _____________ accomplishments.

African Americans Section 3: Reforming Society formed the _____________ to work through the courts for _____________ rights formed the _____________ League to fight for _____________ equality

Immigrants and reform Section 3: Reforming Society often left out because of _____________ and lack of _____________ for immigrants’ _____________ worked through _____________ machines to _____________ worker-protection and _____________ programs used political machines to obtain playgrounds, public baths, and parks

Chapter 10 PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS The American Nation In the Modern Era 4/24/2017 Chapter 10 PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS Section 1: Reforming Government Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Section 3: Reform Under Taft Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” CHAPTER 10--PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS

Objectives: Section 1: Reforming Government What reforms were enacted to make U.S. voting procedures more democratic? How did reformers seek to improve city governments? What were the goals of progressive state leaders?

Voting reforms Section 1: Reforming Government direct _____________ _____________ Amendment (direct election of senators) _____________ ballot power of _____________ right to _____________ right of _____________

Reforms of city government Section 1: Reforming Government Reforms of city government _____________ of police force _____________ of _____________ services labor _____________ hiring of _____________ managers

Goals of progressive state leaders Section 1: Reforming Government direct _____________ _____________ taxes on _____________ and public utilities laws to _____________ lobbying _____________ controls on certain _____________ _____________ reforms _____________ of social _____________

Objectives: Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal What was President Roosevelt’s governing style? Why did the government attempt to regulate trusts and the food and drug industries? How did the conservation movement develop during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency?

President Roosevelt’s governing style Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal President Roosevelt’s governing style _____________ used his office as a “_____________ pulpit” to try to _____________ the interests of business, _____________, and labor.

Government reasons for regulating trusts Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Government reasons for regulating trusts Trusts often _____________ unfairly, in practices such as _____________ rebates or discounts. Trusts _____________ sold inferior products. Trusts sometimes _____________ public officials.

Roosevelt and the conservation movement Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal _____________ that natural resources were limited saw that _____________ interests tended to dominate, to the detriment of the _____________ created _____________ reserves started a _____________ policy worked to _____________ national _____________ was _____________ by his friend, Gifford _____________, who coined the word _____________

Objectives: Section 3: Reform Under Taft What progressive reforms were enacted during President Taft’s administration? What divisions in the Republican Party led to the formation of the Progressive Party? How did Woodrow Wilson win the 1912 presidential election?

Progressive reforms under Taft Section 3: Reform Under Taft Progressive reforms under Taft _____________ the power of the _____________ Commerce _____________ added _____________ to forest _____________ created the _____________ of _____________ _____________ labor-safety _____________ _____________ of the Sixteenth _____________(income tax)

Divisions in the Republican Party Section 3: Reform Under Taft Divisions in the Republican Party over _____________ performance the Ballinger-Pinchot _____________ the attack on _____________ Cannon

Wilson’s victory in 1912 Section 3: Reform Under Taft _____________ Party split _____________ who refused to vote for _____________ voted for Wilson _____________ victory

Objectives: Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” How did President Wilson’s proposals affect big business and U.S. citizens? How did Wilson attempt to help farmers and laborers, and how successful were his efforts? How did American women gain the right to vote?

Tariff reform Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” _____________ farmers cost _____________, but this was made up _____________ tax

Banking reform Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” created “_____________’ banks” stabilized the _____________ system helped _____________ farmers gain access to lower _____________ rates

General business reform Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” General business reform _____________ the 1890 _____________ Antitrust Act helped the _____________ regulate _____________

Wilson and farmers and laborers Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Wilson and farmers and laborers The _____________ Farm Loan Act _____________ low-interest loans to _____________. The _____________ Act reduced the _____________ for railroad workers and _____________ a strike. The Keating-Owen _____________ Labor Act tried to reduce _____________ labor but was ruled _____________ by the Supreme Court.

Suffrage for women Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Women pressed for a _____________ amendment. Women’s groups _____________ appropriate senators, and _____________ for the defeat of those who voted _____________ suffrage. _____________ gained the right to _____________ with the ratification of the _____________ Amendment.