Plant Structure and Function The Plant Body Chapter 24

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following EXCEPT meristem. sieve tube cells. vessels. tracheids. companion cells. Answer: a

Which is CORRECT about monocots? Vascular bundles in the stem are in a ring. Their floral parts are usually in 3’s. They usually have taproots. The veins in the leaves are netlike. All of the above. Answer: b

Cortex, mesophyll, epidermal cells, and pith all consist of parenchyma. collenchyma. schlerenchyma. both b and c all of the above Answer: a

To observe the process of mitosis in plant roots, a student should examine the root’s root cap. zone of maturation. meristem tissue. pericycle. endodermis. Answer: c

Which of the following tissue types gives rise to all other plant tissues? a. parenchyma b. collenchyma c. schlerenchyma d. xylem e. phloem Answer: a

Asexual (vegetative) organs stem root internode node petiole leaf blade Asexual (vegetative) organs

flower seed fruit Sexual Organs

root hairs guard cells Epidermal Tissue cork glands

Ground Tissue (Filler) parenchyma collenchyma Least specialized Ground Tissue (Filler) sclerenchyma

Vascular Tissue (Stele)

Meristem (embryonic tissue) Plants constantly grow in specialized areas only! Meristem (embryonic tissue)

Embryonic root cross section

procambium (vascular tissue) ground meristem (ground tissue) protoderm (epidermis) procambium (vascular tissue)

fibrous root (monocot) taproot (dicot) First root grows straight down ex. Beet fibrous root (monocot) Anchor/ hold soil ex. grss Secondary growth adventitious root pericycle Grow from lower nodes of stem Dicots- from vascular tissue

parasitic mutualistic haustoria mycorrhizae (fungus)

Soybean root nodules, each containing billions of Bradyrhizobium bacteria

Shoot Apical Meristem Produces new cells that elongate, Terminal bud Produces new cells that elongate, increasing length Continually differentiating Primary growth Mature non-woody stems (herbaceous) Most monocots Shoot Apical Meristem

rhizome stolon tuber tendril corm

(Stipules)

spines tendril Modified leaves bulb insect catching

Secondary growth Second and subsequent years Lateral meristem Woody Stems Second and subsequent years Lateral meristem

Spring wood: wide vessels for transport Summer wood: more fiber and tracheids (less vessels) Spring wood + summer wood = annual ring

Cork Cambium Cork Wood Bark

Which is CORRECT about monocots? Vascular bundles in the stem are in a ring. Their floral parts are usually in 3’s. They usually have taproots. The veins in the leaves are netlike. All of the above. Answer: b

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following EXCEPT meristem. sieve tube cells. vessels. tracheids. companion cells. Answer: a

Cortex, mesophyll, epidermal cells, and Pith all consist of parenchyma. collenchyma. schlerenchyma. both b and c all of the above Answer: a

Which of the following tissue types gives rise to all other plant tissues? a. parenchyma b. collenchyma c. schlerenchyma d. xylem e. phloem Answer: a

To observe the process of mitosis in plant roots, a student should examine the root’s root cap. zone of maturation. meristem tissue. pericycle. endodermis. Answer: c