E-Government, E-Learning, and C2C EC Applications

 E-government: The use of IT and e-commerce to provide access to government information and delivery of public services to citizens and business partners  Offers an opportunity to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the functions of government and to make governments more transparent to citizens and businesses by providing access to more of the information generated by government 2

 Government-to-citizens (G2C): E-government category that includes all the interactions between a government and its citizens 3

 Major features of government Web sites:  phone and address information  links to other sites  publications  databases 4

 Major areas of G2C activities:  tourism and recreation  research and education  downloadable forms  discovery of government services  information about public policy  advice about health and safety issues  Useful in solving constituents’ problems 5

 Netizen: A citizen surfing the Internet  Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT)  nationwide EBT system to deliver government benefits electronically ▪ deliver benefits to recipients’ bank accounts ▪ smart card system for those without bank accounts 6

 Government-to-business (G2B): E- government category that includes interactions between governments and businesses (government selling to businesses and providing them with services and businesses selling products and services to government) 7

 Group purchasing eFAST service conducts reverse auctions for aggregated orders  Forward e-auctions auction surplus or other goods  Tax collection and management electronic filing of taxes is now available in over 100 countries 8

 Government-to-government (G2G): E- government category that includes activities within government units and those between governments  Government-to-employees (G2E): E- government category that includes activities and services between government units and their employees 9

 Transformation process Stage 1: Information publishing/dissemination Stage 2: “Official” two-way transactions with one department at a time Stage 3: Multipurpose portals Stage 4: Portal personalization Stage 5: Clustering of common services Stage 6: Full integration and enterprise transformation 10

 Implementation issues  Transformation speed  G2B implementation  Security and privacy issues  Wireless applications 11

 E-learning: The online delivery of information for purposes of education, training, or knowledge management  Web-enabled system that makes knowledge accessible  to those who need it  when they need it, anytime, anywhere 12

 Benefits of e-learning  Time reduction  Large volume and diversity  Cost reduction  Higher content retention  Flexibility  Updated and consistent material  Fear-free environment 13

 Drawbacks and challenges of e-learning  Need for instructor retraining  Equipment needs and support services  Lack of face-to-face interaction and campus life  Assessment  Maintenance and updating  Protection of intellectual property  Computer literacy  Student retention 14

 E-learning failures due to:  Believing that e-learning is always a cheaper learning or training alternative  Overestimating what e-learning can accomplish  Overlooking the shortcomings of self-study  Failing to look beyond the course paradigms 15

 Viewing content as a commodity, which causes lack of attention to quality and delivery to individuals  Ignoring technology tools for e-learning or, on the other hand, fixating too much on  Technology as a solution  Assuming that learned knowledge will be applied  Believing that because e-learning has been implemented, employees and students will use it 16

 Virtual and online universities  Distance learning: Formal education that takes place off campus, usually, but not always, through online resources  Virtual university: An online university from which students take classes from home or other off-site locations usually via the Internet 17

 Drivers of e-learning  Technological change  Competition and cost pressures  Globalization  Continual learning  Network connectivity 18

 E-learning tools available from:  WebCT  Blackboard  Learning Space from Lotus Corporation  Computerprep.com  Macromedia.com  Ecollege.com 19

 Implementing e-learning centers  A learning center is a focal point for all corporate training and learning activities, including online ones  Facilities may be run by a third party rather than connected to any particular corporation, and they are referred to as electronic education malls 20

 C2C auctions  general sites (eBay.com, auctionanything.com)  specialized sites (buyit.com, bid2bid.com)  Classified ads  national, rather than a local, audience  greatly increases the supply of goods and services available and the number of potential buyers 21

 Personal services  lawyers  handy helpers  tax preparers  investment clubs  dating services 22

 C2C exchanges  consumer-to-consumer bartering exchanges (targetbarter.com)  consumer exchanges that help buyers and sellers find each other and negotiate deals (see business2.com) 23