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The Tropical Savanna: General Information A rolling grassland scattered with shrubs and isolated trees The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support the growth of grasses Associated with the tropical wet and dry climate type Savannas may be distinguished according to the dominant taxon in the tree layer: for example, palm savannas, pine savannas, and acacia savannas Soils vary according to bedrock and edaphic conditions. Laterization is the dominant soil- forming process and low fertility oxisols can be expected

Although elephants do migrate, they have a physical adaptation that allows them to access water that is not available to other animals. Baobab trees store water in their large trunks. The elephant's physical strength and anatomy allow it to tear open the trunk of the baobab tree and to suck the water from it.

In order for the grasses to survive the dry season and the periodic fires, they have developed an adaptation that allows them to grow quickly when there is adequate water. Then when water becomes scarce, the grasses turn brown to limit water loss

6-8 month wet summer season: 78°-86° F Better for viewing animals Dry winter season: 68°-78° F Annual precipitation: inches Hot, dry climate essential for the maintenance of this biome- would be forest without fire and drought

"Fires have long been regarded as the enemies of the savanna, but since time immemorial, they have played a role in keeping these ecosystems functioning optimally, keeping the domination of some species over others in check," Momadou Sow (Environmental Sciences Institute of the Cheikh Anta Diop University )

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