Social Studies Chapter 1 Ancient Civilizations The Tools of History

the study of Earth and its people geography

one of 7 large landmasses on Earth continent Antarctica North America South America Africa Europe Asia Australia

a naturally formed feature of Earth’s land surface landform

pattern of weather conditions in a certain location over a long period of time climate

plant life in an area vegetation

measure distance east and west of the prime meridian longitude

m e a s u r e d i s t a n c e n o r t h a n d s o u t h o f t h e e q u a t o r latitude

an equal half of the globe hemisphere this is the western hemisphere the eastern hemisphere is on the side we cannot see

Maps showing features (i.e. country boundaries) that people make political map Africa does not look like this from space

map showing landforms and bodies of water physical map

map showing a distribution or pattern thematic map

a human-made object artifact

a preserved remain of early life fossil

a human or human-like creature that walks on two feet hominid

period marked by the use of the simplest tools by the earliest humans (2.5 million-8,000 B.C.) Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)

period during which early humans began to control fire and develop language (10,000 – 6,000 B.C.) Mesolithic Age (Stone Age)

period marked by the beginning of farming and the development of pottery and weaving (8,000 – 3,000 B.C.) Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)

something written or created by a person who witnessed a historic event primary source

an account of a historical event written by someone who did not witness the event secondary source

an unwritten account of an event passed on by word-of-mouth oral history