 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 6.2Arrays Array –Group of consecutive memory locations –Same name and type To refer to an element, specify.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Arrays. Introduction Arrays –Structures of related data items –Static entity - same size throughout program A few types –C-like, pointer-based arrays.
Advertisements

4.1Introduction Arrays –Structures of related data items –Static entity (same size throughout program) A few types –Pointer-based arrays (C-like) –Arrays.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Introduction Arrays –Structures of related data items –Static entity (same size throughout program)
© Copyright 1992–2004 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1Introduction 6.2Arrays.
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1Introduction 6.2Arrays 6.3Declaring Arrays 6.4Examples Using Arrays 6.5Passing.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Arrays –Structures of related data items –Static entity (same size throughout program) A few types –Pointer-based.
Chapter 6 C Arrays Acknowledgment The notes are adapted from those provided by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. Arrays are data structures.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Multiple-Subscripted Arrays Multiple subscripts –a[ i ][ j ] –Tables with rows and columns –Specify.
Dale Roberts Department of Computer and Information Science, School of Science, IUPUI CSCI 230 Arrays Dale Roberts, Lecturer
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 C Arrays.
 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved C Arrays.
Systems Programming Concepts
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 9 - Formatted Input/Output Outline 9.1Introduction 9.2Streams 9.3Formatting Output with printf.
Programming Languages -1 (Introduction to C) arrays Instructor: M.Fatih AMASYALI
 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved C Arrays.
© Copyright 1992–2004 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1Introduction 6.2Arrays.
CSC141- Introduction to Computer programming Teacher: AHMED MUMTAZ MUSTEHSAN Lecture – 19 Thanks for Lecture Slides:
Chapter 6 Arrays Associate Prof. Yuh-Shyan Chen Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung-Cheng University.
Algorithm and Programming Array Dr. Ir. Riri Fitri Sari MM MSc International Class Electrical Engineering Dept University of Indonesia 15 March 2009.
Arrays Array –Group of consecutive memory locations –Same name and type To refer to an element, specify –Array name –Position number Format: arrayname.
C Lecture Notes 1 Arrays Lecture 6. C Lecture Notes 2 6.1Introduction Arrays –Structures of related data items –Static entity – same size throughout program.
chap8 Chapter 8 Arrays (reference: Deitel ’ s chap 6)
C Arrays Systems Programming. Systems Programming: Arrays 22 ArraysArrays  Arrays  Defining and Initializing Arrays  Array Example  Subscript Out-of-Range.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Arrays Outline Introduction Arrays Declaring Arrays Examples Using Arrays.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
1 Lecture 8 Arrays Part II Sorting Arrays Sorting data  Important computing application  Virtually every organization must sort some data Massive.
1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing Arrays to Functions 4.6Sorting Arrays 4.7Case.
 2000 Deitel & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Vectors.
 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved C Arrays.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Arrays Outline Multidimensional Arrays Case Study: Computing Mean, Median and Mode Using Arrays.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
C Lecture Notes 1 Arrays (...cont.). C Lecture Notes 2 6.6Sorting Arrays Sorting data –Important computing application –Virtually every organization must.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline 1 fig04_03.cpp (1 of 2) 1 // Fig. 4.3: fig04_03.cpp 2 // Initializing an array. 3 #include 4 5.
C++ Programming Lecture 14 Arrays – Part I The Hashemite University Computer Engineering Department (Adapted from the textbook slides)
C++ Programming Lecture 16 Arrays – Part III The Hashemite University Computer Engineering Department (Adapted from the textbook slides)
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1Introduction 4.2Arrays 4.3Declaring Arrays 4.4Examples Using Arrays 4.5Passing.
1 Lecture 4: Part1 Arrays Introduction Arrays  Structures of related data items  Static entity (same size throughout program)
© Copyright 1992–2004 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Arrays Outline 6.1Introduction 6.2Arrays 6.3Declaring.
CHAPTER 3 ARRAYS Dr. Shady Yehia Elmashad. Outline 1.Introduction 2.Arrays 3.Declaring Arrays 4.Examples Using Arrays 5.Multidimensional Arrays 6.Multidimensional.
CHAPTER 6 ARRAYS IN C 1 st semester King Saud University College of Applied studies and Community Service Csc 1101 F. Alakeel.
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Arrays Array –Consecutive group of memory locations –Same name and type To refer to an element, specify.
Arrays Outline 1 Introduction 2 Arrays 3 Declaring Arrays
Arrays Declarations CSCI N305
CSC 113: Computer Programming (Theory = 03, Lab = 01)
آرايه ها اصول كامپيوتر 1.
C Arrays.
Multidimensional Arrays
Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Arrays
C Arrays.
Dale Roberts, Lecturer IUPUI
Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Arrays
Chapter 9 - Arrays Outline 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Arrays
Arrays Outline Introduction Arrays Declaring Arrays
CISC181 Introduction to Computer Science Dr
C++ Programming Lecture 16 Arrays – Part III
Chapter 6 - Arrays Outline 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Arrays
4.9 Multiple-Subscripted Arrays
Arrays Strings and Parameter Passing CSCI N305
6 C Arrays.
Arrays Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Capitolo 4 - Arrays Outline 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Arrays
Arrays Arrays A few types Structures of related data items
Arrays.
Chapter 3 Arrays Dr. A. PHILIP AROKIADOSS Assistant Professor
Dale Roberts, Lecturer IUPUI
4.1 Introduction Arrays A few types Structures of related data items
Presentation transcript:

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Arrays Array –Group of consecutive memory locations –Same name and type To refer to an element, specify –Array name –Position number Format: arrayname [ position number ] –First element at position 0 –n element array named c : c[ 0 ], c[ 1 ]... c[ n – 1 ] Name of array (Note that all elements of this array have the same name, c) Position number of the element within array c c[6] c[0] c[1] c[2] c[3] c[11] c[10] c[9] c[8] c[7] c[5] c[4]

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Examples Using Arrays Initializers int n[ 5 ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; –If not enough initializers, rightmost elements become 0 int n[ 5 ] = { 0 } All elements 0 –If too many a syntax error is produced syntax error –C arrays have no bounds checking If size omitted, initializers determine it int n[ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; –5 initializers, therefore 5 element array

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Initialize array 2. Loop 3. Print 1/* Fig. 6.8: fig06_08.c 2 Histogram printing program */ 3#include 4#define SIZE int main() 7{7{ 8 int n[ SIZE ] = { 19, 3, 15, 7, 11, 9, 13, 5, 17, 1 }; 9 int i, j; printf( "%s%13s%17s\n", "Element", "Value", "Histogram" ); for ( i = 0; i <= SIZE - 1; i++ ) { 14 printf( "%7d%13d ", i, n[ i ]) ; for ( j = 1; j <= n[ i ]; j++ ) /* print one bar */ 17 printf( "%c", '*' ); printf( "\n" ); 20 } return 0; 23}

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Program Output Element Value Histogram 0 19 ******************* 1 3 *** 2 15 *************** 3 7 ******* 4 11 *********** 5 9 ********* 6 13 ************* 7 5 ***** 8 17 ***************** 9 1 *

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Examples Using Arrays Character arrays –String “first” is really a static array of characters –Character arrays can be initialized using string literals char string1[] = "first"; Null character '\0' terminates strings string1 actually has 6 elements –It is equivalent to char string1[] = { 'f', 'i', 'r', 's', 't', '\0' }; –Can access individual characters string1[ 3 ] is character ‘s’ –Array name is address of array, so & not needed for scanf scanf( "%s", string2 ); Reads characters until whitespace encountered Can write beyond end of array, be careful

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Initialize strings 2. Print strings 2.1 Define loop 2.2 Print characters individually 2.3 Input string 3. Print string Program Output 1/* Fig. 6.10: fig06_10.c 2 Treating character arrays as strings */ 3#include 4 5int main() 6{6{ 7 char string1[ 20 ], string2[] = "string literal"; 8 int i; 9 10 printf(" Enter a string: "); 11 gets( string1 ); 12 printf( "string1 is: %s\nstring2: is %s\n" 13 "string1 with spaces between characters is:\n", 14 string1, string2 ); for ( i = 0; string1[ i ] != '\0'; i++ ) 17 printf( "%c ", string1[ i ] ); printf( "\n" ); 20 return 0; 21} Enter a string: Hello there string1 is: Hello string2 is: string literal string1 with spaces between characters is: H e l l o

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Multiple-Subscripted Arrays Multiple subscripted arrays –Tables with rows and columns ( m by n array) –Like matrices: specify row, then column Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Column 0Column 1Column 2Column 3 a[ 0 ][ 0 ] a[ 1 ][ 0 ] a[ 2 ][ 0 ] a[ 0 ][ 1 ] a[ 1 ][ 1 ] a[ 2 ][ 1 ] a[ 0 ][ 2 ] a[ 1 ][ 2 ] a[ 2 ][ 2 ] a[ 0 ][ 3 ] a[ 1 ][ 3 ] a[ 2 ][ 3 ] Row subscript Array name Column subscript

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Initialize variables 1.1 Define functions to take double scripted arrays 1.2 Initialize studentgrades[][] 2. Call functions minimum, maximum, and average 1/* Fig. 6.22: fig06_22.c 2 Double-subscripted array example */ 3#include 4#define STUDENTS 3 5#define EXAMS 4 6 7int minimum( const int [][ EXAMS ], int, int ); 8int maximum( const int [][ EXAMS ], int, int ); 9double average( const int [], int ); 10void printArray( const int [][ EXAMS ], int, int ); 11 12int main() 13{ 14 int student; 15 const int studentGrades[ STUDENTS ][ EXAMS ] = 16 { { 77, 68, 86, 73 }, 17 { 96, 87, 89, 78 }, 18 { 70, 90, 86, 81 } }; printf( "The array is:\n" ); 21 printArray( studentGrades, STUDENTS, EXAMS ); 22 printf( "\n\nLowest grade: %d\nHighest grade: %d\n", 23 minimum( studentGrades, STUDENTS, EXAMS ), 24 maximum( studentGrades, STUDENTS, EXAMS ) ); for ( student = 0; student <= STUDENTS - 1; student++ ) 27 printf( "The average grade for student %d is %.2f\n", 28 student, 29 average( studentGrades[ student ], EXAMS ) ); return 0; 32}

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Define functions 33 34/* Find the minimum grade */ 35int minimum( const int grades[][ EXAMS ], 36 int pupils, int tests ) 37{ 38 int i, j, lowGrade = 100; for ( i = 0; i <= pupils - 1; i++ ) 41 for ( j = 0; j <= tests - 1; j++ ) 42 if ( grades[ i ][ j ] < lowGrade ) 43 lowGrade = grades[ i ][ j ]; return lowGrade; 46} 47 48/* Find the maximum grade */ 49int maximum( const int grades[][ EXAMS ], 50 int pupils, int tests ) 51{ 52 int i, j, highGrade = 0; for ( i = 0; i <= pupils - 1; i++ ) 55 for ( j = 0; j <= tests - 1; j++ ) 56 if ( grades[ i ][ j ] > highGrade ) 57 highGrade = grades[ i ][ j ]; return highGrade; 60} 61 62/* Determine the average grade for a particular exam */ 63double average( const int setOfGrades[], int tests ) 64{

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved Define functions 65 int i, total = 0; for ( i = 0; i <= tests - 1; i++ ) 68 total += setOfGrades[ i ]; return ( double ) total / tests; 71} 72 73/* Print the array */ 74void printArray( const int grades[][ EXAMS ], 75 int pupils, int tests ) 76{ 77 int i, j; printf( " [0] [1] [2] [3]" ); for ( i = 0; i <= pupils - 1; i++ ) { 82 printf( "\nstudentGrades[%d] ", i ); for ( j = 0; j <= tests - 1; j++ ) 85 printf( "%-5d", grades[ i ][ j ] ); 86 } 87}

Outline  2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Program Output The array is: [0] [1] [2] [3] studentGrades[0] studentGrades[1] studentGrades[2] Lowest grade: 68 Highest grade: 96 The average grade for student 0 is The average grade for student 1 is The average grade for student 2 is 81.75