Table of Contents I. Colonization II. Nationalism and Independence III. War/Peace and Results IV. Other Major Events

I. Colonization of East Asia  Vocabulary  Imperialism- an attempt to dominate a country’s government, trade, and culture.  Indirect Rule- appointing locals to run the government and culture the way the colonizers saw fit.  Assimilation- policy forcing native cultures to adopt the culture of their colonizers.  Nationalism- pride in one’s nation

I. Colonization of East Asia  Colonization of East Asia began in the early 1500s and lasted until the mid 1900s.  Colonizers included  Great Britain- India, Malaysia and Parts of China  France- Vietnam and Cambodia  United States- Philippines  Japan- Koreas, Parts of SE Asia and China during WWII,  Netherlands- Indonesia

I. Colonization of East Asia  Reasons for Colonization:  Political Nationalism Rivalry World Status Expansion  Economic Trade (Monopoly) Resources Labor (Cheap)  Culture Spread of Christianity “Civilizing the World”

I. Colonization of East Asia  Impact  Positive: Technology Health Care Centralized Government Defined Boundaries Political Stability  Negative: Disease Ethnic Tension Monopoly- forced to buy from Europeans. Loss of Culture Political Tension

I. Colonization of East Asia  USA’s Colony  The US won the colony of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War on December 10,  Philippine independence came in 1946 due to delays of WWII and Japanese occupation.

II. Nationalism and Independence  Nationalism- pride in or loyalty to one’s country or ethnicity.  Feelings of nationalism within the colonized the countries and the organized response against colonization help lead to the end of the “Age of Imperialism”.

II. Nationalism and Independence  Reasons for Nationalism: Desire for self government. Trade Monopolies Second Class Citizenship Best Jobs and Education went to Europeans and supporters.

II. Nationalism and Independence  India  Leader of the independence movement in India was Mohandas Gandhi.  He used non violence and civil disobedience to fight the British rule.  Civil Disobedience- the refusal to obey unfair laws even though it might result in punishment.  Major Events- Walk to the Sea to make salt as a way to rebel against the salt tax and the British monopoly.  Gandhi did not want his country broken into Hindu and Muslim regions.

II. Nationalism and Independence  India  Indian National Congress- group of Indians (Hindus) that fought for independence and to protect Indian rights.  Muslim League- group of Muslims that fought for independence and to protect Muslim rights.  Neither group wanted to be governed by the other.

II. Nationalism and Independence  India gained independence in August 14 th and 15 th,  India broke into three separate countries with the Hindus receiving modern day India and the Muslims receiving Pakistan and East Pakistan (eventually becoming Bangladesh).

II. Nationalism and Independence  China  China’s nationalist movement takes it from a monarchy to a democracy to communism.  China becomes a democracy in 1912 and is led by Sun Yat Sun and a promise to end foreign control under the Nationalism Party.  Democracy under Sun Yixian and later Chang Kai Shek does not work in China because of the many problems China faced like famine and civil order.

II. Nationalism and Independence  China  Many young Chinese were unhappy about the failed democratic government. They looked to Russian and their communist party as an alternative.  Mao Zedong founded and became the leader of the Communist Party in  The Communist Party and the Nationalist Party fought for control of China before and after WWII.  At one point, the communist party were defeated and had to go on the LONG MARCH which is a 6,000 mile escape into the mountains to avoid capture.  After WWII, Mao Zedong and the communist party finally won control of China in 1949 and the Nationalist party fled to Taiwan.

II. Nationalism and Independence  Vietnam  In the early 1900s, France controlled Vietnam.  Ho Chi Minh founded and led the communist party in Vietnam because the communist party were outspoken against European colonization.  Ho Chi Minh founded the Vietminh League during WWII which fought for independence from France.  In 1954, Vietnam was granted independence but divided by the United Nations at the Geneva Conference.  The North was led by Ho Chi Minh and the South was controlled by the United States with elections in a year to join the two countries under one government.