HORTICULTURE II - LANDSCAPE Unit B Landscape Design

OBJECTIVE 4.02 Apply procedures to develop landscape and irrigation plans

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP PLANS Procedures used to select appropriate method to develop plans  Step 1 – Survey available design tools, supplies, equipment, and software  Hand drawn – the landscape plan is drawn by hand using instruments  Computer aided – software is used to draw the landscape and the landscape features  Step 2 – inventory skills and abilities of designer  Step 3 – choose the appropriate method to use  Last Step in selecting procedure to develop plans – use the chosen method to implement landscape development procedures

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS Procedure used to develop landscape plans has two phases  The Planning Phase  Step 1 of Planning Phase is to Conduct a client interview to gain information about the site and the wants and needs of the client  How to conduct the client interview-  Ask the client how he/she learned about you and your services  Ask the client why he/she chose you or your business  If client head about you or your business from another client, talk with the previous client to get information about likes and dislikes of new client  Ask the client questions to get the information needed to plan a design

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS Step 2 of Planning Phase – conduct a site analysis – a thorough inventory of the site’s positive and negative qualities, a site analysis identifies existing features in the area to be landscaped  Steps to conduct a site analysis:  Step 1 – Identify location of the house on the lot. Where does the house sit?  Step 2 – identify direction that the house faces  Step 3 – identify natural conditions such as soil, exiting plant material, wind direction, terrain features, etc.  Step 4 – identify man made features such as parking, utilities, swimming pool, etc.  Final step – identify cultural features (features associated with human society) such as zoning regulations and closeness of public transportation

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS Step 3 of Planning Phase – Develop a problem statement – defines the scope of the project and explains the project. It points out the current situation including the strengths and weaknesses Step 4 of Planning Phase – Determine the objectives for the design project – use the client interview, site survey, and problem statement to determine the objectives that will address the situations in the problem statement  Does NOT address how the project will be completed because this will be done in the design phase

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS Step 5 of Planning Phase – Draw a functional (bubble) diagram – referred to as “bubble diagram” because it uses loosely drawn freeform shapes to represent the “use areas” or spaces that will accommodate the client’s wants and needs. This is the concept of first look at what the design will be.  Public area – the portion of the landscape that will be seen from the street and is often the front of the house  Family living area – the portion of the landscape where the family can bring their social lives outdoors  Ex: an outdoor dining area, outdoor kitchen, patio, pool, play equipment, etc., where family and friends can get together  Service area – the portion of the landscape that is utilitarian. It is usually near the back or side of the house separate from the public and private areas  Private living area – the portion of the landscape that typically joins the master bedroom, it generally is not in view of the public.

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS The Design Phase  Draw a preliminary design – done after drawing a functional (bubble) diagram  Draw the final plan – master drawing that is detailed and completely specific in its intent for the landscape  Steps in drawing the final plan are:  First step – select a scale that will allow the total site to be reproduced on a workable size paper  Step 2 – place and tape paper on a drawing board  Step 3 – select the appropriate drawing instruments needed  Step 4 – after instruments are selected, begin sheet layout  Step 5 – assign use areas to appropriate parts of the property  Step 6 – select focal points and locate them within the appropriate use areas  Step 7 – shape each use area to direct attention to the focal point and to relate focal point to adjoining use areas  Step 8 – retain the shapes from the step above and convert the lines to planning beds and other outdoor wall elements

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP LANDSCAPE PLANS The Design Phase  Step 9 – define the function to be served by each plant in the design  Step 10 – select plant species that will serve the roles needed and use symbols to represent their mature size and plant type  Step 11 – select hardscape and enrichment items to complement the total design and use symbols to represent them (includes enclosure, surfacing, etc.)  Step 12 – label all elements of the plan and keep the lettering on or near the symbols  Step 13 – list all plant species used and the total number needed of each  Step 14 – last step in the final plan is to trace or print the completed design

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP IRRIGATION PLANS The Planning Phase when developing irrigation plans  First step – determine water requirements of the plants to be irrigated based on site analysis  Step 2 – determine the needs and desires of the clients  Step 3 – match needs of clients and capabilities of the site as closely as possible  Step 4 – determine the gallons per minute (GPM) that the main water supply can provide to the irrigation system  Step 5 – divide the GPM in half and that is the maximum amount of gallons per minute that can be sent to any zone at one time  Step 6 – analyze the area to be irrigated and determine the best type of sprinkler to use in that location

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP IRRIGATION PLANS The Planning Phase for irrigation plans  Step 7 – note the shape of the area and the irrigation needs of the plant. May be able to use a spray head instead of rotary sprinkler  Step 8 – plan for overlap for the sprinkler throw areas to the sprinkler head. This allows for good coverage in windy conditions  Step 9 – divide the sprinklers into zones based on the water usage of the sprinklers in that area and the types of sprinklers in the area  Step 10 – use the correct symbols to represent materials that will be used  Step 11 – locate the main water supply line. All irrigation for the system will come from the main supply line  Step 12 – after locating the main water supply line, determine if water supply source is public or private

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP IRRIGATION PLANS All systems that use a public water supply must have a back flow preventer off the main line to the irrigation system. The symbol on an irrigation plan for a back flow preventer is: For each Zone you will need a remote control valve. The symbol for a remote control valve is:

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP IRRIGATION PLANS The sprinkler is designated with a small round circle To show the throw area of a sprinkler, draw in the approximate area of the throw

PROCEDURES USED TO DEVELOP IRRIGATION PLANS The Design Phase when developing irrigation plans (drawing the final irrigation plan)  Step 1 – select the appropriate scale for paper  Step 2 – place and tape paper on a drawing board  Step 3 – select the appropriate drawing instruments needed to being the plan  Step 4 – begin the sheet layout  Step 5 – draw or copy existing features from the lot including buildings, property lines, utilities, plants, hardscapes, etc.  Step 6 – select irrigation components that will serve the roles needed and use symbols to represent their types and locations  Step 7 – label all elements of the plan and keep the lettering on or near the symbols  Step 8 – compile a list of all irrigation components used and the total number needed of each  Step 9 – last step in the procedure used to complete an irrigation design is to trace or print the completed irrigation design