Chapter 12 Review Sheet

What are the sex chromosomes? X Y

Sex Chromosomes of females? XX

Sex Chromosomes of Males XY

A mutation where a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome translocation

A change in a gene due to incorrect copying mutation

A diagram of a family and the occurrence of traits pedigree

Blood type is controlled by ______________ alleles multiple

What is genetic counseling? Risks for having kids Should they even have kids? Check with pedigrees and punnett squares

What kind of trait is found in EVERY generation? Dominant trait

If both parents have a recessive trait, what is the chance that their kids may have it too? 25% (1 out of 4)

Type of trait that occurs mostly in males Sex-linked

Examples of sex-linked disorders color-blindness hemophilia

Who determines the sex of children? father

Too many or too few chromosomes nondisjunction

When you replace a defective gene with a healthy gene Gene therapy

A person who is heterozygous for a trait is also called a carrier

What is hemophilia Blood clotting disorder

What causes Down syndrome? 3 #21 chromosomes

Punnett Square with 2 parents that have a recessive gene (not sex-linked)

Males determine sex-how?

Punnett Square that has sex-linked trait

What is Down Syndrome and how can a karyotype show you that?

Know how to match children with parents based on blood type.