Environmental Science is interdisciplinary I is interdisciplinary I physical sciences (chem.-physics-geology) physical sciences (chem.-physics-geology) social sciences social sciences Explains how the earth works, Explains how the earth works, interact with the earth, interact with the earth, solves environmental problems. solves environmental problems.

Ecology studies the relationships between organisms and their environment.

Environmentalism Environmentalism is a social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life support systems. EF- Sierra Club

Capital = Stored stuff that has value. Stored stuff that has value. Resources=Usable Stuff that has value and may be used. Resources=Usable Stuff that has value and may be used.

Types of and Capital Solar =Energy stored in the sun Natural=Resources stored on earth Human=?

Economic growth or economic development=converting natural and solar capital into resources and wealth. Economic growth or economic development=converting natural and solar capital into resources and wealth.

Gross Domestic Product GDP and per capita GDP measure economic growth (national) GDP and per capita GDP measure economic growth (national) What we makeGDP What we makeGDP

GDP= consumption + investment + (government spending) + (exports − imports) consumption + investment + (government spending) + (exports − imports) consumptioninvestmentgovernment spendingexportsimports consumptioninvestmentgovernment spendingexportsimports Very simular to GNP Very simular to GNP

Resources=material and objects that are converted into wealth. Resources=material and objects that are converted into wealth.

Resources Perpetual= Constantly renewed-Ex. sunlight Perpetual= Constantly renewed-Ex. sunlight Renewable Renewable Nonrenewable Nonrenewable

Countries And Wealth Developed countries=more industrialization and wealth (GDP) per capita Developed countries=more industrialization and wealth (GDP) per capita developing countries=less. developing countries=less. Globalization=an increasingly interconnected world, Globalization=an increasingly interconnected world, products, services, capital, ideas, and people constantly cross international borders. products, services, capital, ideas, and people constantly cross international borders.

Affluenza," an addiction to overconsumption, affects many people in the developed world. On the other hand, developed countries typically have cleaner air and water and more efficient use of energy and materials. an addiction to overconsumption, affects many people in the developed world. On the other hand, developed countries typically have cleaner air and water and more efficient use of energy and materials.

Sustainable Society: Doesn't over use it resources. Doesn't over use it resources. Focuses on renewable and perpetual resources Focuses on renewable and perpetual resources

sustainable yield (sustained yield) Highest rate at which a potentially renewable resource can be used without reducing its available supply throughout the world or in a particular area. Highest rate at which a potentially renewable resource can be used without reducing its available supply throughout the world or in a particular area.

environmental degradation Depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable resource Depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable resource Ex soil, grassland, forest, or wildlife that is Ex soil, grassland, forest, or wildlife that is used faster than it is naturally replenished. used faster than it is naturally replenished. becomes nonrenewable (on a human time scale) or nonexistent (extinct). becomes nonrenewable (on a human time scale) or nonexistent (extinct).

Tragedy of the commons Depletion or degradation of a potentially renewable resource to which people have free and unmanaged access. An example is the depletion of commercially desirable fish species in the open ocean beyond areas controlled by coastal countries. Depletion or degradation of a potentially renewable resource to which people have free and unmanaged access. An example is the depletion of commercially desirable fish species in the open ocean beyond areas controlled by coastal countries.

The process of The Tragedy of the commons There is so much of it I can take as much as I want. There is so much of it I can take as much as I want. If I don’t do it/ take it some one else will. So it might as well be me. If I don’t do it/ take it some one else will. So it might as well be me. It is going to disappear so I might get some benefit from it before it is gone. It is going to disappear so I might get some benefit from it before it is gone.

pollution An undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, water, soil, or food that can adversely affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms. An undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, water, soil, or food that can adversely affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms. Point Source and Nonpoint Source Point Source and Nonpoint Source

point source Single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the environment. Single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the environment. Examples are the smokestack of a power plant. Examples are the smokestack of a power plant.

Nonpoint source Large or dispersed land areas and multiple sources. Large or dispersed land areas and multiple sources. Ex. Ex. crop fields, crop fields, streets, streets, lawns lawns

ecological footprint Amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply each person or population with the renewable resources they use and to absorb or dispose of the wastes from such resource use. It measures the average environmental impact of individuals or populations in different countries and areas. Amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply each person or population with the renewable resources they use and to absorb or dispose of the wastes from such resource use. It measures the average environmental impact of individuals or populations in different countries and areas.

Developed World 1 st world 1 st world Advance health care Advance health care Information- Industrial-Services Information- Industrial-Services Few Children 1-3 Few Children 1-3 Late producers Late producers Decreasing populations Decreasing populations Decreasing infant mortality Decreasing infant mortality Older populations Older populations

Developing Countries 3 rd world 3 rd world Agricultural-factory Agricultural-factory Minimal health care Minimal health care Education limited Education limited Young producers Young producers Many children 2-5 Many children 2-5 High infant mortality. High infant mortality.

environmental worldview How people think the world works, what they think their role in the world should be, and what they believe is right and wrong environmental behavior (environmental ethics). How people think the world works, what they think their role in the world should be, and what they believe is right and wrong environmental behavior (environmental ethics).

People have differing environmental worldviews or environmental ethics. Most people in industrial consumer societies have a planetary management worldview, which promotes economic growth

planetary management worldview Beliefs that Beliefs that (1) as the planet’s most important species, we are in charge of the earth; (1) as the planet’s most important species, we are in charge of the earth; (2) we will not run out of resources because of our ability to develop and find new ones; (2) we will not run out of resources because of our ability to develop and find new ones; (3) the potential for economic growth is essentially unlimited; and (3) the potential for economic growth is essentially unlimited; and (4) our success depends on how well we manage the earth's life-support systems mostly for our own benefit. (4) our success depends on how well we manage the earth's life-support systems mostly for our own benefit.

Space Ship Earth The theory that the earth is like a space ship. The theory that the earth is like a space ship. We can not leave it and what ever we do to it will impact us. We can not leave it and what ever we do to it will impact us. So So we better take care of it. we better take care of it. It wont last for ever It wont last for ever What we do will come back on us. What we do will come back on us. What people do on other parts of the world will effect us. What people do on other parts of the world will effect us.

Technological World View Our technological growth has created a problem. Our technological growth has created a problem. But our technology will also solve it. But our technology will also solve it.