Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #1 Ribbit A conceptual captology design by Brian Ong, Dahwun Kim, Murad Akhter, Yeong Haur Kok Design Challenge To encourage language learners to practice speaking the language using mobile phones Time limit: 15 hours

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #2 Ribbit Persuasive Purpose To motivate language learners to speak the language more frequently using daily mobile prompts and virtual rewards. Industrial Design Have you Ribbit Today?

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #3 User Description Language learners who want to improve their oral language skills Language learners who need more opportunity to practice speaking the language Users have access to mobile phones and the Internet and are well- acquainted with these technologies

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #4 Murad’s Ribbit Odyssey After that, Murad records a description of his lunch in Chinese. An animated tadpole provides him with instant reinforcement, and a status bar updates him of his progress. Later during the day, Murad checks “the pond” and saw his classmates’ photos. He decides to listen to their recordings as well. At the end of the Chinese language class, the teacher asked everyone to practice speaking the language more. She introduced a mobile service “Ribbit” which will help them do that. Murad decides to sign up. Next morning, Murad gets an SMS from Ribbit on the lesson goal of the day. It is to “describe what you have for lunch today.” Later, during lunch, Murad got a reminder from Ribbit. Using his cell phone, he took a picture of his delicious chicken noodles soup. The week has passed and it’s the language class again. Because of their increased practice, Murad and his classmates are able to converse in Chinese more fluently now.

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #5 Prototype of Ribbit Pictures sent to gallery with speech recordings Other users can see pictures and can download to hear speech They can give feedback All user recordings will be accessible for review at Ribbit’s website Have you Ribbit Today? “Growth” of tadpole reflects learners’ performance

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #6 Features/Functionality Daily learning goals and prompts Task reminders (user can set preferences) Takes pictures Records speech Reviews recorded message Sends audio files to website Gives virtual encouragement (nurturing tadpole) Can choose to send picture & speech to gallery Can see other users’ pictures and download to hear their speeches; can give feedback to these users

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #7 Theoretical Justifications Persuasive Strategies Mobile Simplicity / Reduction –Simple task to perform Consistency –Introduces routine Self-Monitoring –Performance tracking via status bar & growth of tadpole Positive Reinforcements/Virtual Rewards –More recordings -> More “growth” for tadpole

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #8 Prototype of Ribbit

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #9 User Testing Pictures

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #10 Results of User Testing Duration of language learning months (1)1 year - 2 years (1) > 2 years (10) Fluency in the language Advanced beginner (7)Intermediate (2)Advanced (3) What element of language learning are you most concerned about? Spoken (11)Written (1) Current daily language learning < 30 minutes (10)30 minutes - 1 hour (2) Time willing to spend with a mobile language application daily? < 10 minutes (9) minutes (3) Ribbit’s user-friendliness Extremely easy (1)Quite easy (11)

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #11 Results of User Testing Ribbit’s usefulness Very useful (1)Quite useful (10)Not useful at all (1) Ribbit’s features Too few features(1)Just enough features (10)Too many features (1) Ribbit’s social comparison feature I prefer working alone (5)I prefer comparing my progress to others (7) Favorite Ribbit feature New Ribbit (3)Pond (4)My Ribbits (1)Themes (4) Likeliness of responding to a Ribbit from someone else Unlikely (6)Likely (5)Very likely (1) Likeliness of using Ribbit Unlikely (4)Likely (6)Very likely (2)

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #12 Shortcomings of Design Monologue Practice –Limits on learning potential No real-time support –No help for user (e.g. vocabulary support) Delayed feedback on performance –No immediate corrections on wrong pronunciations No encouragement to advance to higher level –User not pushed to talk at more advanced level

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #13 Expansion - What else is possible? Audio dictionary on mobile –Supports user in multiple context and situations Searchable recordings using mobile –User can search for past recordings Pairing up with Native/Other Speakers –Practice directly with expert speakers or other speakers learning the same language

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #14 Next Steps in Design Process Build a rapid prototype of Ribbit User test in a language class with our target audience Iterate Usability and learner studies Develop a website

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #15 Evaluation of Captology Design Project How well does the design idea fit into the realm of captology? How well does the design match the design brief? How viable/convincing is the proposed solution?

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #16 Evaluation continued… How effectively did the presentation communicate? How well does the document communicate? Bonus Points How clever/insightful is the proposed solution?

Stanford University, Fall 2006 Persuasive Technology & Ribbit Murad, Brian, Dahwun, Yeong Slide #17 Additional Comments: Overall remarks or additional comments here