Stephen E. Lucas C H A P T E R McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. 9 9 Beginning and Ending the Speech

Slide 2 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. The Introduction Get attention and interest Reveal the topic Establish credibility and goodwill Preview the body of the speech Get attention and interest Reveal the topic Establish credibility and goodwill Preview the body of the speech

Slide 3 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Methods of Gaining Attention Relate your topic to the audience State the importance of your topic Startle the audience Arouse the curiosity of the audience Question the audience Begin with a quotation Tell a story Relate your topic to the audience State the importance of your topic Startle the audience Arouse the curiosity of the audience Question the audience Begin with a quotation Tell a story

Slide 4 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Credibility The audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

Slide 5 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Goodwill The audience’s perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.

Slide 6 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Rhetorical Question A question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud.

Slide 7 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Preview Statement A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech.

Slide 8 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Tips for Preparing the Introduction Be concise: Usually no more than percent of the total speech Look for possible introductory materials as you do your research Be creative in devising your introduction Be concise: Usually no more than percent of the total speech Look for possible introductory materials as you do your research Be creative in devising your introduction

Slide 9 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Finalize the exact wording of your introduction after you have finished preparing the body of the speech Work out the content and delivery of your introduction in detail Finalize the exact wording of your introduction after you have finished preparing the body of the speech Work out the content and delivery of your introduction in detail Tips for Preparing the Introduction

Slide 10 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. The Conclusion Signal the end of the speech Reinforce the central idea Signal the end of the speech Reinforce the central idea

Slide 11 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Crescendo Ending A conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity.

Slide 12 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Dissolve Ending A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

Slide 13 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Methods of Reinforcing the Central Idea Summarize your speech End with a quotation Make a dramatic statement Summarize your speech End with a quotation Make a dramatic statement

Slide 14 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Tips for Preparing the Conclusion Look for possible concluding materials as you do your research Conclude with a bang, not a whimper Be brief: Usually no more than 5-10 percent of the total speech Work out the content and delivery of your conclusion in detail Look for possible concluding materials as you do your research Conclude with a bang, not a whimper Be brief: Usually no more than 5-10 percent of the total speech Work out the content and delivery of your conclusion in detail

Slide 15 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.