World Water Forum Session 3.2.1: Using a structured set of strategies to ensure adequate water to the large metropolitan areas in South Africa Peter H van Niekerk Department of Water and Forestry South Africa

National Rainfall and Evaporation

Integrated Water Resource Planning Framework Integrated Development Plan NATIONAL PROVINCIAL CATCHMENT LOCAL SERVICEPROVIDERS (E.g. Water Boards) National Strategies and Planning i.t.o. environment, agriculture, land-use, industry, mining, power generation, rural development, urban renewal, etc. Provincial Development Planning Dept Water Affairs &Forestry OTHER GOVERNMENT OTHER SECTORS ESKOM Mining Agriculture Households Large Industry Water Services Development Plan Water Services Development Plan Water Services Development Plan Water Services Development Plan BPBP BPBP WUABPWUABPWUABPWUABP NWRS CMSCMSCMSCMS

International rivers shared by South Africa

National Water Resource Strategy

Water Reconciliation, Year 2000

NWRS Reconciliation Strategies Water conservation and demand management Surface water resource management (operation of dams) and conservation Managing and use of groundwater Re-use of water Eradication of invading alien vegetation Re-allocation of water Development of surface water resources (e.g. dams) Transfer of water

Catchment Management Strategy

Catchment Management Strategies One for each Water Management Area Identified the need for more detailed studies - Reconciliation Strategy Studies

Areas of National Economic Significance

Reconciliation Strategies for Metropolitan Areas and large systems Develop water requirement scenarios for and with metros Investigate all possible resources and other interventions All possible methods for reconciling the requirements and the resource Recommendations for implementation Continuous updating into the future All in close collaboration with major stakeholders

Vaal River System Reconciliation Strategy

Vaal River System: Schematic Diagram 1940

Vaal River System; Schematic Diagram 2005

Existing Vaal System Yield Earliest possible delivery date Jana and Mielietuin Yield Deficit due to Jana timeline Deficit, require further intervention Vaal River System Implement WC/WDM Jana Dam Yield Mielietuin Yield Implement WC/WDM and Effluent Reuse Reuse of Effluent Jana Dam Yield

Vaal River System Jana Dam Yield Climate Change

Conclusion Results have confirmed Importance of efficient water use (WC/WDM) Importance of groundwater (even for big cities like Cape Town) Huge potential for re-use, especially in coastal cities Desalination a very realistic option for coastal cities More dams and interbasin transfers are also necessary

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