Research and Programs to Eliminate Cancer Disparities April 19, 2007 Marriott New Orleans at the Convention Center New Orleans, Louisiana BRIDGING THE GAP

NBLIC’s Seven Guiding Principles of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Selina A. Smith, Ph.D., M.Div., Joyce Q. Sheats, R.N., M.P.H., Jackson Smith, III, LaDonna Carter, Sandra J. Hamilton, R.N., F.N.P., MEd. National Black Leadership Initiative on Cancer III: Community Networks Program (NBLIC III) A program of the National Cancer Institute

Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) A collaborative research approach that is designed to endure and establish structures for participation by communities affected by the issue being studied. Representatives of organizations and researchers are involved in all aspects of the research process to improve health and well-being through taking action, including social change

CBPR Co-learning and reciprocal transfer of expertise, by all research partners with particular emphasis on the issues that can be studied with BRPR methods;Co-learning and reciprocal transfer of expertise, by all research partners with particular emphasis on the issues that can be studied with BRPR methods; Shared decision-making power;Shared decision-making power; Mutual ownership of the processes and products of the research enterprise.Mutual ownership of the processes and products of the research enterprise.

Community-Based Participatory Research Kurt Lewin - active involvement or participationKurt Lewin - active involvement or participation Paulo Freire - mutual learning and action- reflectionPaulo Freire - mutual learning and action- reflection Barbara Israel – nine principlesBarbara Israel – nine principles

CBPR Principles* 1.Recognizes community as a unit of identity. 2.Builds on strengths and resources within the community. 3.Facilitates collaborative, equitable involvement of all partners in all phases of the research 4.Integrates knowledge and action for the mutual benefit of all partners. 5.Promotes a co-learning and empowering process that attends to social inequalities.

CBPR Principles* 6.Involves a cyclical and iterative process. 7.Addresses health from both positive and ecological perspectives. 8.Disseminates findings and knowledge gained to all partners. 9.Involves a long-term commitment by all partners *Israel, B. A., Schulz, A.J., Parker, E.A., (1998). Review of community-based research; Assessing partnership approaches to improve public health. Annual Review of Public Health, 19,

National Black Leadership Initiative on Cancer’s (NBLIC III) Seven Guiding Principles of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR)

Seven Guiding Principles We are FamilyWe are Family Just StandJust Stand It Takes a VillageIt Takes a Village Come as You AreCome as You Are Health, Wholeness & HealingHealth, Wholeness & Healing Go Tell it on the MountainGo Tell it on the Mountain We Shall Overcome, SomedayWe Shall Overcome, Someday

We are Family Describes Community-based (not community- placed) methodDescribes Community-based (not community- placed) method Define community-based participatory research within historical contextDefine community-based participatory research within historical context Nationwide network of community stakeholdersNationwide network of community stakeholders Initiative arising out of the community, for the communityInitiative arising out of the community, for the community

It Takes a Village Community Partnerships with mutual trust and respectCommunity Partnerships with mutual trust and respect Community coalitionsCommunity coalitions Community “Gatekeepers”Community “Gatekeepers” Community ResourceCommunity Resource

Come as You Are Shared learning processShared learning process Community enhancement through empowermentCommunity enhancement through empowerment Academic and community trainingAcademic and community training Better prepared community leadershipBetter prepared community leadership Diverse scientific poolDiverse scientific pool

Just Stand Current research grounded in past researchCurrent research grounded in past research Reduce cancer incidence and mortalityReduce cancer incidence and mortality Understand processes facilitating positive outcomesUnderstand processes facilitating positive outcomes Dual pursuit of action and researchDual pursuit of action and research

Just Stand Engage community through community coalitionsEngage community through community coalitions Cyclic approachCyclic approach Pursues change and understandingPursues change and understanding Refine and replicateRefine and replicate

Best Practices Stay Beautiful, Stay Alive – Breast & Cervical CancerStay Beautiful, Stay Alive – Breast & Cervical Cancer Down Home Healthy Living – Colorectal CancerDown Home Healthy Living – Colorectal Cancer For Men Only – Prostate Health & Co- morbidityFor Men Only – Prostate Health & Co- morbidity Clearing the Air – Tobacco Use & Lung CancerClearing the Air – Tobacco Use & Lung Cancer

Health, Wholeness & Healing Holistic approach to community-based researchHolistic approach to community-based research Individual knowledge, attitude and skillsIndividual knowledge, attitude and skills Community involvement with planning and implementation for sustainabilityCommunity involvement with planning and implementation for sustainability Integration of cancer controlIntegration of cancer control Educational program focused on co-morbidityEducational program focused on co-morbidity Recognizes community diversityRecognizes community diversity

Go Tell it on the Mountain Extensive process and outcome evaluationsExtensive process and outcome evaluations Scientific meritScientific merit Public awarenessPublic awareness Community advocacyCommunity advocacy Affecting policy changeAffecting policy change

We Shall Overcome, Someday Sustained effortSustained effort Program sustainabilityProgram sustainability Long-range effectsLong-range effects

10 – 15 Item Pre-Knowledge Questionnaire10 – 15 Item Pre-Knowledge Questionnaire Overview of individual principlesOverview of individual principles 10 – 15 Item Post-Knowledge Questionnaire10 – 15 Item Post-Knowledge Questionnaire Online Module Session

Implications Greater stakeholder buy-in into the CBPR process may result through self-identification with these principles

Sustainability This training tool ensures that NBLIC’s nationwide network of community stakeholders, in conversation with state-of-the-art cancer screening and treatment partners, will continue to combat cancer health disparities among African Americans.

Thank You Morehouse School of Medicine 720 Westview Drive, SW Atlanta, Georgia /