Attribution MBUS 612 Prof. Elloy. Attribution Theory Consensus involves comparison of an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers. Distinctiveness.

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Presentation transcript:

Attribution MBUS 612 Prof. Elloy

Attribution Theory Consensus involves comparison of an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers. Distinctiveness is determined by comparing a person's behavior on one task with his/her behavior on other tasks. Consistency is determined by judging if the individual's performance on a given task is consistent over time.

Attribution Cues Consistency Cues: Does the person engage in the behavior regularly and consistently? Consensus Cues: Do most people engage in the behavior, or is it unique to this person? Distinctive Cues: Does the person engage in the behavior in many situation -- or is it distinctive to one situation?

Attributional Biases Fundamental attribution error Actor-observer effect Self-serving attribution

Kelly’s Model of Attribution Basic Premise: An attribution is based on the consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency of the observed behavior. Consensus: - Involves comparing an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers. - High consistency indicates an individual is different from peers. Distinctiveness: - Involves comparing a person's behavior or accomplishments on one task with the behavior or accomplishments from other tasks - Highly distinctive behavior or results represents a situation where the current behavior or result is significantly different from typical behavior or results on other tasks.

Kelly’s Model of Attribution (cont.) Consistency: - Involves comparing a person's behavior or accomplishments on a given task over time. - High consistency implies that a person performs a certain task the same, time after time. Predictions: - Internal or personal attributions are made when a behavior is associated with low consensus and distinctiveness, and high consistency. - External or environmental attributions are made when a behavior is related with high consensus and distinctiveness, and low consistency.

Internal vs. External Attribution Internal Attribution: assigns the cause of behavior to some characteristic of the person –Ability –Personality –Motivation External Attribution: assigns the cause of behavior to factors external to the person –Task Difficulty –Luck

Pygmalion Effect Peoples' expectations and beliefs determine their behaviors and performance; thus, serving to make their expectations come true.

Model an Example of Attribution Process Casual Attributions: Suspected or inferred causes of someone's behavior. General Model of Attribution Process: Antecedent Attribution Consequence People consider the People determine Attributions A behavior antecedents of the the causes of affect our is observed  behavior: behavior: subsequent Why did the behavior This represents an expectations occur? attribution. about people.