Social Psychology Cole Michael Edging Michael Todter

Group Dynamics Group Structure: The network of roles, communication pathways, and power in a group Group Structure: The network of roles, communication pathways, and power in a group Ex: The army or an athletic team Ex: The army or an athletic team Group Cohesiveness: The degree of attraction among group members or their commitment to remaining in the group Group Cohesiveness: The degree of attraction among group members or their commitment to remaining in the group Ex: Those who stick together; therefore causing them to stand or sit close together, pay more attention to one another, and show more signs of mutual affection Ex: Those who stick together; therefore causing them to stand or sit close together, pay more attention to one another, and show more signs of mutual affection

Group Cohesiveness Group Cohesiveness Group Structure Group Structure

Attribution Processes One attribution process is Fundamental Attribution Error. One attribution process is Fundamental Attribution Error. Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes (personality, likes, and so forth) Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes (personality, likes, and so forth) Ex in book: kid thinks Macy likes parties, but really she only goes because she plays the tuba at them Ex in book: kid thinks Macy likes parties, but really she only goes because she plays the tuba at them Actor-Observer Bias: Making attributions of others behaviors through internal causes, while attributing one’s own behavior to external causes. Actor-Observer Bias: Making attributions of others behaviors through internal causes, while attributing one’s own behavior to external causes. Ex: being late to something, and saying it was because you were held up from events beyond your control. Ex: being late to something, and saying it was because you were held up from events beyond your control.

Interpersonal Attraction Interpersonal Attraction: Social attraction to another person. Interpersonal Attraction: Social attraction to another person. Ex: interested in someone because of their personality, who are kind and understanding, and who like us in return. Ex: interested in someone because of their personality, who are kind and understanding, and who like us in return.

Conformity, Compliance, Obedience Conformity: Bringing one’s behavior into agreement or harmony with norms or with the behavior of others in a group. Conformity: Bringing one’s behavior into agreement or harmony with norms or with the behavior of others in a group. Ex: Jumping off a cliff because everyone else is doing it. Ex: Jumping off a cliff because everyone else is doing it. Compliance: Bending to the requests of a person who has little of no authority or other form of social power. Compliance: Bending to the requests of a person who has little of no authority or other form of social power. Ex: listening to a student, who is taking over the class for a teacher. Ex: listening to a student, who is taking over the class for a teacher. Obedience: Conformity to the demands of an authority. Obedience: Conformity to the demands of an authority. Ex: Taking notes when teacher tells the class to do so. Ex: Taking notes when teacher tells the class to do so.

Conformity Conformity Obedience Obedience Compliance

Attitudes Definition of attitude: a learned tendency to respond to people, objects or institutions in a positive or negative way Definition of attitude: a learned tendency to respond to people, objects or institutions in a positive or negative way Attitude formation-attitudes are acquired in several basic ways- Attitude formation-attitudes are acquired in several basic ways- Direct contact- personal experience with object of attitude Direct contact- personal experience with object of attitude Interaction with others- personal experience with people holding a particular attitude Interaction with others- personal experience with people holding a particular attitude

Attitude Change Persuasion-and deliberate attempt to change attitude or beliefs with info and arguments Persuasion-and deliberate attempt to change attitude or beliefs with info and arguments Communicator-the person presenting argument/info Communicator-the person presenting argument/info Message-the content of communicator’s arguments or presentation Message-the content of communicator’s arguments or presentation Audience- the person or group toward whom a persuasive message is directed Audience- the person or group toward whom a persuasive message is directed Forced attitude change- Forced attitude change- Brainwashing-engineered or forced attitude change involving a captive audience Brainwashing-engineered or forced attitude change involving a captive audience Cults- group that professes great devotion to some person and follows that person almost without question; cult members are typically victimized by their leaders in carious ways Cults- group that professes great devotion to some person and follows that person almost without question; cult members are typically victimized by their leaders in carious ways

Organizational Behavior

Aggression Aggression-any action carried out with the intention of harming another person Aggression-any action carried out with the intention of harming another person Instincts Instincts Biological basis-low blood sugar, allergies, specific brain injuries, diseases, higher hormone levels Biological basis-low blood sugar, allergies, specific brain injuries, diseases, higher hormone levels Frustration-leads to aggression. Frustration-leads to aggression. Aversive stimuli-any stimulus that produces discomfort or displeasure Aversive stimuli-any stimulus that produces discomfort or displeasure Aggression cues- stimuli or signals that are associated with aggression and that tend to elicit it Aggression cues- stimuli or signals that are associated with aggression and that tend to elicit it Social learning-combines learning principles with cognitive processes, socialization, and modeling to explain behavior Social learning-combines learning principles with cognitive processes, socialization, and modeling to explain behavior

Antisocial Behavior Antisocial personality- a person who lacks a conscience; is emotionally shallow, impulsive, selfish; and tends to manipulate others Antisocial personality- a person who lacks a conscience; is emotionally shallow, impulsive, selfish; and tends to manipulate others Sometimes called Sometimes called Sociopaths Sociopaths Psychopaths Psychopaths Seem to be incapable of having deep feelings such as guilt, shame, fear, loyalty, love Seem to be incapable of having deep feelings such as guilt, shame, fear, loyalty, love